Fig. 3.

Illustration of stimuli used in the semantic matching and naming tasks. Top row: Examples of semantically related and semantically unrelated stimuli used for semantic matching decisions on pictures of 2 objects. Middle row: In the auditory conditions, object names were spoken in a male voice. Words in a pair were always linked with “and”. Bottom row: In the object naming condition, the participant named two objects that were semantically unrelated. In the sentence and verb naming conditions, participants saw pictures of events and either produced the whole sentence (“The goat is eating the hat”) or the verb (“Eating”). Note that the figure shows the same set of four objects (grapes, pear, hat, and goat) in all conditions. However, in the fMRI experiment, participants never saw more than one repetition of the same object, see methods and appendix for further details.