. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Aging Ment Health. 2015 Mar 25;20(4):370–379. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1013920

Table 1.

Mean and Standard Deviation of Key variables (1 year apart)

Variable	T1	T2	T3	T4
	M (SD)	M(SD)	M(SD)	M(SD)
Age	83.78 (4.55)
Education	12.52(2.54)
Health problems	13.7(6.31)
Cognitive functioning	9.22 (1.54)^a	9.17 (1.71)	9.18 (1.52)	8.74 (1.98)^a
Social Support	3.87 (1.7)	3.55 (1.56)	3.72 (1.58)	3.79 (1.62)
Arthritis Pain	10.2 (5.0)	10.02(4.96)	10.2 (5.3)	10.8 (5.6)
Depressive symptoms	19.57 (5.73)^b	20.03 (6.1)	20.33 (6.14)	21.10 (6.51)^b

Total	N=299	N=263	N=224	N=219

Notes:

Tukey's post hoc test showed a significant differences (p<.05) between T1 and T4.

Tukey's post hoc test showed a significant differences (p<.01) between T1 and T4.