Top, a: Scatter plot of the association between caudal:rostral ACC NAA and creatine concentrations in the cases and the controls). Note that the correlations are both strong and significant in both cohorts, indicating NAA decline in the rostral ACC, i.e., since the latter is synthesized in the mitochondria, a Cr decline in that region as well. Bottom, b: Scatter plot of the association between caudal:rostral ACC Cr and mI concentrations in cases and controls. Note the lack of correlation, suggesting that Cr changes likely represent energy metabolism dysfunction and not gliosis (increased mI).