Table 3. Crude and adjusted prevalence risk ratio estimates for hypertension.
| Variable/Category | - n - | # hypertensive (%) | Crude PRR [95% CI] | Adjusted PRR Ѱ [95% CI] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban-rural | Rural | 2849 | 735 (25.8%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Urban | 1057 | 298 (28.2%) | 1.02 [0.88–1.18] | 1.01 [0.88–1.17] | |
| Region | Northern | 744 | 173 (23.3%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Central | 1260 | 359 (28.5%) | 1.07 [0.88–1.31] | 1.05 [0.85–1.28] | |
| Eastern | 960 | 253 (26.4%) | 1.03 [0.83–1.27] | 0.99 [0.80–1.22] | |
| Western | 942 | 248 (26.3%) | 1.06 [0.86–1.31] | 1.03 [0.84–1.26] | |
| Sex: | Females | 2336 | 589 (25.2%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Males | 1570 | 444 (28.3%) | 1.09 [0.95–1.25] | 1.14 [1.00–1.31] | |
| Age (yrs): | 18–19 | 336 | 36 (10.7%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 20–29 | 1291 | 253 (19.6%) | 1.83 [1.23–2.74] | 1.77 [1.19–2.62] | |
| 30–39 | 1000 | 236 (23.6%) | 2.29 [1.53–3.42] | 2.08 [1.40–3.10] | |
| 40–49 | 622 | 197 (31.7%) | 2.87 [1.92–4.29] | 2.55 [1.71–3.79] | |
| ≥50 | 657 | (311 (47.3%) | 4.08 [2.76–6.02] | 3.57 [2.43–5.25] | |
| Education | None | 639 | 192 (30.1%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Primary Sch | 1603 | 414 (25.8%) | 0.83 [0.69–0.99] | 0.99 [0.83–1.18] | |
| Secondary sch | 1287 | 313 (24.3%) | 0.79 [0.65–0.96] | 0.99 [0.82–1.21] | |
| Univ. or higher | 362 | 106 (29.3%) | 0.87 [0.67–1.12] | 1.06 [0.82–1.38] | |
| Ethnicity | Nyankole | 445 | 99 (22.3%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ganda | 761 | 219 (28.8%) | 1.14 [0.88–1.48] | 1.10 [0.86–1.42] | |
| Soga | 315 | 77 (24.4%) | 1.27 [0.92–1.73] | 1.26 [0.94–1.69] | |
| Nyoro/Toro | 253 | 82 (33.6%) | 1.13 [0.66–1.93] | 1.04 [0.62–1.74] | |
| Kiga | 254 | 71 (28.0%) | 1.25 [0.90–1.72] | 1.16 [0.84–1.60] | |
| Lugbara/ Madi | 245 | 63 (25.7%) | 1.25 [0.90–1.72] | 1.34 [0.97–1.84] | |
| Other | 1633 | 419 (25.7%) | 1.18 [0.94–1.50] | 1.17 [0.93–1.47] | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | < 25.0 | 2863 | 702 (24.5%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 25.0–29.9 | 590 | 214 (36.3%) | 1.45 [1.24–1.70] | 1.46 [1.25–1.71] | |
| ≥ 30.0 | 236 | 101 (42.8%) | 1.76 [1.42–2.19] | 1.60 [1.29–1.99] | |
| FPG b (mmol/L) | < 6.1 | 3500 | 906 (25.9%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 6.1–6.9 | 78 | 28 (35.9%) | 1.20 [0.81–1.78] | 1.13 [0.78–1.64] | |
| ≥ 7.0, or on DM Rx c | 44 | 21 (47.7%) | 1.73 [1.13–2.66] | 1.30 [0.86–1.97] | |
| Met WHO d recommendation for physical activity | No | 221 | 70 (31.7%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 3685 | 963 (26.1%) | 0.82 [0.63–1.06] | 0.94 [0.73–1.20] | |
| Tobacco use: | Never | 3242 | 832 (25.7%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Stopped | 248 | 79 (31.9%) | 1.20 [0.96–1.49] | 1.09 [0.85–1.39] | |
| Current user | 336 | 98 (29.2%) | 1.29 [1.00–1.66] | 1.00 [0.80–1.26] | |
| Alcohol use: | Never | 2058 | 496 (24.1%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Currently not using | 793 | 215 (27.1%) | 1.08 [0.90–1.30] | 0.98 [0.82–1.17] | |
| Low user | 489 | 139 (28.4%) | 1.17 [0.89–1.53] | 1.04 [0.79–1.37] | |
| Medium user | 121 | 32 (26.5%) | 1.23 [0.85–1.80] | 1.26 [0.89–1.79] | |
| High user | 444 | 151 (34.0%) | 1.31 [1.07–1.59] | 1.20 [0.99–1.46] | |
| Add salt to food during meals | Never | 1234 | 357 (28.9%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Rarely | 819 | 216 (26.4%) | 0.92 [0.76–1.11] | 0.94 [0.78–1.12] | |
| Sometimes | 1055 | 269 (25.5%) | 0.87 [0.73–1.04] | 0.93 [0.78–1.10] | |
| Often | 336 | 82 (24.4%) | 0.74 [0.57–0.96] | 0.82 [0.63–1.06] | |
| Always | 461 | 109 (23.6%) | 0.84 [0.66–1.08] | 0.88 [0.70–1.11] | |
| Fruit and Veg servings/ day | 1–4 | 3265 | 842 (25.8%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≥ 5 | 480 | 137 (28.5%) | 1.03 [0.82–1.28] | 1.04 [0.84–1.28] | |
ѰAdjusted for: region, sex, age, ethnicity, BMI, and alcohol use
aBMI = Body Mass Index
bFPG = Fasting plasma glucose
cDM Rx = Diabetes Mellitus Treatment
dWHO = World Health Organization