Table 2. Developmental staging used in current study.
Total larval development from 5th instar ecdysis to pupation for female B. anynana takes approximately 8 days at 27°C (WS) and 20 days at 17°C (DS). Total pupal development until adult emergence takes an average of 6.4 days for WS and 16 days for DS females. The bright green wanderer stage occurs, on average, on day 6 for WS forms, and on day 17 for DS forms. Temperature shifts, hemolymph collection, and injections were all performed at 2pm of noted day. Note the difference in stage nomenclature for temperature shifts during the pupal stage and hormone titer quantification (equivalent % development time).
| Developmental stage abbreviation | Description | Staging: days from 5th instar ecdysis or from pupation. | % larval or pupal development |
|---|---|---|---|
| L5-2 | 5th Larval stage 2 | 2 (WS) | 25% (WS) |
| 5 (DS) | 25% (DS) | ||
| L5-3 | 5th Larval stage 3 | 4 (WS) | 52% (WS) |
| 10 (DS) | 50% (DS) | ||
| W | Wanderer stage (bright green) | 6 (WS) | 77% (WS) |
| 17 (DS) | 84% (DS) | ||
| PP1 | Pre-pupal stage 1 | 7 (WS) | 90% (WS) |
| 18 (DS) | 89% (DS) | ||
| PP2 | Pre-pupal stage 2 | ||
| 19 (DS) | 94% (DS) | ||
| P1 (for temp shifts) | Pupal stage 1 | 1 (WS) | 13% (WS) |
| 2 (DS) | 10% (DS) | ||
| P1 (for hormone quantification) | Pupal stage 1 | 1 (WS) | 13% (WS) |
| 3 (DS) | 16% (DS) | ||
| P2 (for temp shifts) | Pupal stage 2 | 2 (WS) | 31% (WS) |
| 3 (DS) | 16% (DS) | ||
| P2 (for hormone quantification) | Pupal stage 2 | 2 (WS) | 31% (WS) |
| 5 (DS) | 29% (DS) |