Table 3. Gram-negative organisms causing Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis and their In Vitro Susceptibility Rates over 32 years.
| Pseudomonas spp. n (% susceptible) | Klebsiella spp. n (% susceptible) | Escherichia coli n (% susceptible) | Other Gram-neg. organisms ## . n (% susceptible) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1 | P2 | P3 | P | P1 | P2 | P3 | P | P1 | P2 | P3 | P | P1 | P2 | P3 | P | |
| Ampicillin | 7 (57) | NT | 1 (100) a | --- | 3 (0) | 2 (0) | 9 (0) | --- | 12 (67) | 11 (45) | 28 (46) | NS | 7 (14) | 12 (8) | 11 (27) | NS |
| Amp/Sulb | NT | NT | 1 (100) a | --- | NT | 2 (50) | 9 (78) | --- | NT | 9 (67) | 30 (80) | --- | NT | 11 (9) | 11 (57) | NS |
| Cefotaxim | 7 (57) | 1 (0) | NT | --- | 3 (100) | 1 (100) | 9 (78) | NS | 12 (100) | 2 (100) | 27 (89) | NS | 5 (100) | NT | 11 (91) | NS |
| Ceftazidime | 2 (100) | 8 (75) | 10 (100) | NS | NT | 2 (100) | 9 (78) | NS | 1 (100) | 11 (100) | 31 (94) | NS | NT | 12 (100) | 14 (93) b | NS |
| Cefepime | NT | 2 (50) | 10 (100) | --- | NT | 1 (100) | 8 (75) | --- | NT | 2 (100) | 31 (97) | --- | NT | NT | 14 (93) b | --- |
| Gentamicin | 7 (86) | 8 (100) | 10 (90) | NS | 3 (100) | 2 (50) | 9 (89) | NS | 12 (100) | 11 (82) | 31 (97) | NS | 7 (100) | 12 (83) | 14 (71) b | NS |
| Imipinem | 4 (100) | 8 (100) | 10 (100) | NS | 2 (100) | 2 (100) | 9 (100) | NS | 11 (100) | 11 (100) | 31 (100) | NS | 1 (100) | 12 (92) | 14 (100) b | NA |
| Ofloxacin | NT | NT | NT | NT | 1 (100) | NT | --- | NT | 2 (100) | NT | --- | NT | 7 (100) | NT | --- | |
| Ciprofloxacin | NT | 8 (100) | 10 (80) | NS | NT | 1 (100) | 9 (89) | --- | 1 (100) | 4 (75) | 31 (87) | --- | NT | NT | 14 (57) | --- |
| Levofloxacin | NT | 8 (100) | 10 (80) | NS | NT | 1(100) | 9 (89) | --- | NT | 8 (63) | 31 (84) | NS | NT | 5 (100) | 14 (57) b | NS |
| TMX-SMX | 7 (57) | 1 (0) | 3 (33) | NS | 3 (100) | 2 (100) | 9 (100) | NS | 12 (83) | 11 (64) | 31 (84) | <0.0001 # | 6 (83) | 12 (67) | 13 (77) | NS |
| Episodes | 7 | 8 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 12 | 11 | 31 | 7 | 13 | 15 | ||||
P1 = period 1 (1979–1992); P2 = period 2 (1993–2003); P3 = period 3 (2004–2014); NT, not tested; number of antibiograms; percentage of full susceptibility; Amp/Sulb, ampicillin/sulbactam; TMX-SMX, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; NA, not available;
##including Enterobacteriaceae (except Eschericha coli and Klebsiella supp.), except Acinetobacter spp.;
aPseudomonas oryzihabitans;
bNeisseria spp. was not tested;
#comparison between period 2 and period 3; NS, not significant;