Table 1. Immunotherapeutic agents in development.
| Target | Biological function |
|---|---|
| 4-1BB | Stimulatory immune signal |
| B7-H3 | Inhibitory immune signal |
| B7-H4 | Inhibitory immune signal |
| BTLA | Inhibitory immune signal |
| CD40 | Stimulatory immune signal |
| CTLA-4 | Inhibitory immune signal |
| GITR | Stimulatory immune signal |
| ICOS | Stimulatory immune signal |
| KIR | Inhibitory immune signal |
| LAG-3 | Inhibitory immune signal |
| OX40 | Stimulatory immune signal |
| PD-1 | Inhibitory immune signal |
| PD-L1 | Inhibitory immune signal |
| TIM-3 | Inhibitory immune signal |
| VISTA | Inhibitory immune signal |
BTLA, B and T lymphocyte attenuator; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4; GITR, glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related; ICOS, inducible T cell co-stimulator; KIR, killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor; LAG-3, lymphocyte activation gene 3; PD-1, programmed cell death-1; PD-L1, PD-1 ligand; TIM-3, T cell membrane protein 3; VISTA, V-domain immunoglobulin-containing suppressor of T cell activation.