. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Curr Pediatr Rep. 2015 Apr 4;3(2):177–186. doi: 10.1007/s40124-015-0081-0

Table 2.

Emerging markers and therapeutic targets of vascular complications of type 1 diabetes

Biomarker:	Randomized control trials:
Serum uric acid	The preventing early renal function loss (PERL) allopurinol study (NCT01575379)
Insulin sensitivity	Metformin Vascular Adverse Lesions in Type 1 Diabetes (REMOVAL) trial (NCT01483560)
	Effects of Metformin On Cardiovascular Function In Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes (EMERALD) study (NCT01808690)
	Metformin Therapy for Overweight Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes (NCT01881828)
Sodium glucose co-transporter 2	Safety and Efficacy of Empagliflozin (BI 10773) in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With or Without Renal Hyperfiltration (NCT01392560)
Copeptin	--
Klotho/FGF-23	The COMBINE Study: The CKD Optimal Management With BInders and NicotinamidE (NCT02258074)