Table 1.
Immediate histotripsy effects over 30 minute treatment time
| Time (Minutes)* | Regression Model† | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 2 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 30 | Time‡ | Time2‡ | P‡ | Expected Change Over 30 minutes§ | |
| Hematocrit (%) | 32.5 ± 3.6 | 31.8 ± 3.4 | 30.8 ± 3.8 | 30.6 ± 3.3 | 31.1 ± 3.4 | 29.4 ± 4.2 | −0.084 | - | <0.001 | −2.52 |
| Free Hgb (mg/dl) | 6.2 ± 4.6 | 58.2 ± 15.8 | 102 ± 31.5 | 156 ± 58.4 | 216 ± 86.6 | 348 ± 100 | 16.909 | −0.252 | <0.001 | 280.47 |
| LDH (U/L) | 365 ± 67.8 | 392 ± 77.8 | 431 ± 72.5 | 493 ± 87.1 | 558 ± 102 | 722 ± 84.7 | 13.958 | −0.115 | <0.001 | 314.24 |
| K (mmol/L) | 4.2 ± 0.4 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 4.6 ± 0.7 | 4.9 ± 0.9 | 5.2 ± 1.2 | 4.8 ± 0.3 | 0.100 | −0.003 | <0.001 | +0.30 |
| WBC (K/μL) | 15.3 ± 3.4 | 11.5 ± 2.7 | 10.6 ± 3.1 | 10.9 ± 3.2 | 11.5 ± 2.7 | 11.9 ± 2.7 | −0.369 | 0.010 | <0.001 | −2.07 |
| Platelet (K/μL) | 398 ± 102 | 318 ± 68.6 | 316 ± 66.1 | 305 ± 107 | 323 ± 82.5 | 344 ± 79.3 | −7.941 | 0.224 | <0.001 | −36.63 |
| Creatinine (mmol/L) | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 0.004 | - | 0.118 | 0.12 |
| RVSP (mmHg) | 23.2 ± 7.2 | 31.9 ± 7.7 | 36.7 ± 11 | 39.3 ± 15 | 42.9 ± 13 | 39.7 ± 12 | 2.105 | −0.063 | <0.001 | 6.45 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 87.9 ± 13 | 96.3 ± 18 | 82.4 ± 28 | 85.8 ± 24 | 99.5 ± 34 | 89.7 ± 18 | −0.046 | - | 0.873 | −1.38 |
| HR (bpm) | 93 ± 18 | 88 ± 14 | 87 ± 22 | 85 ± 20 | 93 ± 39 | 92 ± 16 | −0.092 | - | 0.734 | −2.76 |
Abbreviations: Free Hgb, Serum free hemoglobin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; K, serum potassium; WBC, white blood cell count; RVSP, right ventricle systolic blood pressure; SBP, systemic systolic blood pressure; HR, Heart rate; P, likelihood ratio p-value.
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.
Linear mixed effects regression model testing the association between treatment time in minutes and change in serum and hemodynamic related analytes
The terms “Time” and “Time2” correspond to the linear and quadratic regression coefficients for time (in minutes) in each model. The “-“ for “Time2” indicates that this squared term was not significant and therefore not estimated in the final model. The likelihood ratio p-value corresponds to the overall (i.e. “Time” alone or “Time” and “Time2” in the quadratic term was significant) association with treatment time.
This is the expected change in a measure over the 30 minute histotripsy treatment time as calculated from the regression model. This value is equal to the value of “Time*30minutes” for those without a significant quadratic term and “Time*30minutes + Time2*30minutes2” for those with a significant quadratic term. For example, the expected change over the 30 minute treatment time for free hemoglobin is 16.909*30 0.252*302=280.47 mg/dL.
Sample size for each time point varied slightly due to death during histotripsy in 4 animals