Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics for the different patients undergoing urologic surgeries for malignancy. Elderly patients were concentrated in the groups undergoing nephroureterectomy and radical cystectomy. The patients undergoing radical prostatectomy were a lower risk group overall with a larger proportion being ASA Class II or less in comparison to the groups undergoing other surgeries. Mortality after surgery was highest in those undergoing radical cystectomy (2.6%) while it was lowest for those undergoing radical prostatectomy (0.2%).
| Prostatectomy | Partial Nephrectomy |
Radical Nephrectomy |
Nephro- ureterectomy |
Cystectomy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of cases | 23350 | 5709 | 7791 | 1443 | 3388 |
| Mean Age, y (SD) | 62(7) | 59 (12) | 62 (13) | 62 (12) | 59 (12) |
| Males | 100% 23350/23350 |
60.8% 3466/5709 |
61.1% 4760/7791 |
61.3% 883/1443 |
80.4% 2722/3388 |
| Nonwhite race or Hispanic | 24.1% 5421/23350 |
21.1% 1155/5709 |
24.0% 1778/7791 |
17.8% 247/1443 |
7.6% 228/3388 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 11.3% 2644/23350 |
19.4% 1107/5709 |
20.2% 1576/7791 |
19.9% 287/1443 |
19.6% 665/3388 |
| Current Smoker | 12.5% 2926/23350 |
21.0% 1198/5709 |
19.4% 1514/7791 |
24.3% 351/1443 |
24.7% 836/3388 |
| Hypertension | 50.4% 11784/23350 |
60.9% 3479/5709 |
64.7% 5044/7791 |
68.0% 981/1443 |
60.8% 2061/3388 |
| End stage renal disease | 0.3% 66/23350 |
0.4% 24/5709 |
1.0% 396/7791 |
2.4% 34/1143 |
1.0% 34/3388 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | |||||
| 0 | 8 (<0.1%) | 94 (1.6%) | 78 (1.0%) | 3 (0.2%) | 5 (0.1%) |
| 1 | 522 (2.2%) | 238 (4.2%) | 230 (3.0%) | 11 (0.8%) | 43 (1.3%) |
| 2 | 2916 (12.5%) | 351 (6.2%) | 507 (6.5%) | 54 (3.7%) | 154 (4.5%) |
| 3 | 4206 (18.0%) | 434 (7.6%) | 600 (7.7%) | 106 (7.3%) | 289 (8.5%) |
| 4 | 1481 (6.3%) | 560 (9.8%) | 827 (10.6%) | 173 (11.9%) | 381 (11.2%) |
| 5 | 851(3.6%) | 709 (12.4%) | 781 (10.1%) | 161 (11.2%) | 280 (8.3%) |
| 6 | 4372 (18.7%) | 972 (17.1%) | 1100 (14.1%) | 149 (10.3%) | 336 (10.0%) |
| 7 | 6288(27.0%) | 1170 (20.5%) | 1318 (17.0%) | 198 (13.7%) | 592 (17.5%) |
| 8 | 2309 (9.9%) | 798 (14.0%) | 1135 (14.6%) | 268 (18.6%) | 719 (21.3%) |
| >9 | 406 (1.7%) | 380 (6.7%) | 1212 (15.6%) | 320 (22.2%) | 589 (17.4%) |
| ASA Class | |||||
| 1 | 964 (4.1%) | 135 (2.4%) | 164 (2.1%) | 16 (1.1%) | 20 (0.6%) |
| 2 | 14654 (62.8%) | 2432 (42.7%) | 2584 (33.2%) | 430 (29.8%) | 844 (24.9%) |
| 3 | 7521(32.2%) | 2981 (52.3%) | 4448 (57.1%) | 908 (63.0%) | 2325 (68.7%) |
| 4 | 186 (0.8%) | 153 (2.7%) | 588 (7.5%) | 87 (6.1%) | 195 (5.8%) |
| Frailty Score out of 15 | |||||
| 0–0.05 | 11312 (48.4%) | 2101 (36.8%) | 2289 (29.4%) | 410 (28.4%) | 1108 (32.7%) |
| 0.05–0.10 | 9526 (40.8%) | 2377 (41.6%) | 3169 (40.7%) | 634 (43.9%) | 1330 (39.3%) |
| 0.10–0.15 | 1656 (7.1%) | 701 (12.3%) | 833 (10.7%) | 181 (12.5%) | 423 (12.%) |
| 0.15–0.20 | 637 (2.7%) | 407 (7.1%) | 942 (12.1%) | 130 (9.0%) | 351 (10.4%) |
| > 0.20 | 219 (0.9%) | 123 (2.2%) | 558 (7.2%) | 88 (6.1%) | 176 (5.2%) |
| Functional Status | |||||
| Independent | 23241 (99.5%) | 5633 (98.7%) | 7583 (97.3%) | 1400 (97.0%) | 3314 (97.8%) |
| Limited Dependence | 50 (0.2%) | 50 (0.9%) | 160 (2.1%) | 30 (2.1%) | 48 (1.4%) |
| Totally Dependent | 5 (<0.1%) | 0 (0%) | 15 (0.2%) | 0 (0%) | 22 (0.6%) |
| Unknown | 62 (0.3%) | 26 (0.5%) | 33 (0.4%) | 13 (0.9%) | 4 (0.1%) |
| Procedure subtypes | |||||
| Open | 5333 (22.8%) | 2284 (40.0%) | 3128 (40.1%) | 434 (30.1%) | 3388 (100%) |
| Minimally Invasive | 18026 (77.2%) | 3425 (60.0%) | 4663 (59.9%) | 1009 (69.9%) | - |
| 30-Day Mortality | 0.2% 37/23350 |
0.4% 20/5709 |
1.0% 79/7791 |
1.7% 25/1443 |
2.6% 88/3388 |
| Clavien-Dindo IV Complications | 1.1% 246/23350 |
2.3% 129/5709 |
3.9% 306/7791 |
5.3% 76/1443 |
9.5% 322/3388 |
| Septic Shock or Sepsis | 0.8% 191/23350 |
1.2% 67/5709 |
1.6% 127/7791 |
3.0% 43/1443 |
12.5% 422/3388 |
| Ventilator Dependence | 0.1% 34/23350 |
0.4% 21/5709 |
1.2% 93/7791 |
1.3% 19/1443 |
2.6% 89/3388 |
| Unplanned re-intubation | 0.2% 54/23350 |
0.8% 44/5709 |
1.5% 116/7791 |
1.7% 25/1443 |
3.3% 112/3388 |
| Myocardial Infarction | 0.2% 41/23350 |
0.5% 26/5709 |
0.5% 40/7791 |
1.0% 15/1443 |
1.7% 58/3388 |
| Renal Failure | 0.4% 98/23350 |
1.4% 79/5709 |
1.8% 142/7791 |
3.0% 43/1443 |
3.5% 120/3388 |
| Cardiac arrest | 0.1% 23/23350 |
0.4% 21/5709 |
0.4% 35/7791 |
0.6% 8/1443 |
1.0% 33/3388 |
| Pulmonary Embolism | 0.5% 113/23350 |
0.4% 23/5709 |
0.6% 47/7791 |
0.5% 7/1443 |
2.6% 87/3388 |
| Deep Venous thrombosis | 0.7% 171/23350 |
0.5% 27/5709 |
0.8% 61/7791 |
1.4% 20/1443 |
3.4% 116/3388 |
| Surgical site infection or dehiscence | 1.4% 334/23350 |
1.7% 96/5709 |
2.4% 190/7791 |
2.8% 40/1443 |
14.4% 487/3388 |
| Bleeding requiring blood transfusion | 4.1% 952/23350 |
7.4% 423/5709 |
14.7% 1147/7791 |
13.2% 191/1443 |
39.1% 1326/3388 |
| Readmission | 4.2% 272/6534 |
5.6% 146/2625 |
6.5% 210/3223 |
8.3% 46/553 |
17.6% 469/2659 |
| Re-operation | 0.9% 62/6534 |
1.8% 48/2625 |
2.0% 64/3223 |
3.8% 21/553 |
5.8% 155/2694 |