Fig. 1.

HNIL(H143) showed abnormal anther and pollen development compared with HNIL(M23). a Panicle structure of HNIL(M23) and HNIL(H143) plants at the heading stage. Scale bar = 20 mm. b Spikelets of the HNIL(M23) and HNIL(H143) plants. Scale bar = 20 mm (b and c). c Flowers of the HNIL(M23) and HNIL(H143) plants. An, anther; Le, lemma; Fl, filament; Pl, palea. d Anthers of the HNIL(M23) and HNIL(H143) plants. Scale bar = 10 mm. e Pistils of the HNIL(M23) and HNIL(H143) plants. Scale bar = 1 mm. Pollen grains from (f) HNIL(M23) and (g) HNIL(H143) plants. Pollen stained with I₂-KI solution. Scale bar = 200 μm (f and g). The data represent five independent biological replicates