TABLE 1.
Numbers and percentages of opioid pain reliever and benzodiazepine drug abuse–related emergency department visits that involved alcohol — United States, 2010
| Alcohol and one or more drugs involved in emergency department visit | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| No.* | (%)* | (95% CI) | |
| Opioid pain relievers | 81,365 | (18.5) | (15.3–22.3) |
| fentanyl/combinations | 2,355 | (10.2)† | (5.7–17.7) |
| hydrocodone/combinations | 26,143 | (22.6) | (19.8–25.7) |
| hydromorphone/combinations | 2,619 | (12.6)† | (7.7–20.0) |
| methadone | 13,204 | (17.3) | (9.4–29.8) |
| morphine/combinations | 4,452 | (13.1)† | (6.9–23.3) |
| oxycodone/combinations | 35,878 | (19.6) | (15.1–25.1) |
| tramadol/combinations | 3,523 | (19.7) | (12.5–29.6) |
| Benzodiazepines | 111,165 | (27.2) | (23.2–31.7) |
| alprazolam | 39,573 | (26.0) | (21.9–30.6) |
| clonazepam | 22,089 | (30.1) | (24.4–36.4) |
| diazepam | 9,214 | (28.8) | (21.7–37.2) |
| lorazepam | 15,355 | (34.6) | (25.7–44.6) |
| Alcohol and single drug class involved in emergency department visit | |||
|
| |||
| No. § | (%) § | (95% CI) | |
|
| |||
| Opioid pain relievers | 26,446 | (13.8) | (10.4–18.0) |
| fentanyl/combinations | —¶ | — | — |
| hydrocodone/combinations | 7,251 | (24.0) | (16.2–33.9) |
| hydromorphone/combinations | — | — | — |
| methadone | 3,047 | (11.9)† | (6.7–20.4) |
| morphine/combinations | 396 | (3.5)† | (1.5–8.0) |
| oxycodone/combinations | 10,160 | (15.9) | (9.9–24.5) |
| tramadol/combinations | 818 | (14.5) | (7.7–25.7) |
| Benzodiazepines | 38,244 | (34.1) | (29.5–39.0) |
| alprazolam | 13,063 | (31.4) | (25.6–37.9) |
| clonazepam | 7,734 | (33.6) | (27.1–40.9) |
| diazepam | 2,622 | (36.2) | (24.1–50.4) |
| lorazepam | 5,207 | (29.4) | (20.9–39.7) |
Abbreviation: CI = confidence interval.
*
Number and percentage of emergency department visits for abuse of drugs in one or more drug class that involved alcohol.
†
Among opioid pain relievers, percentage is significantly (p<0.05) different from the percentge for hydrocodone/combinations. There were no statistically significant differences among benzodiazepines.
§
Number and percentage of emergency department visits for abuse of drugs in a single drug class that involved alcohol.
¶
Suppressed because of a relative standard error greater than 50% or an estimate based on fewer than 30 cases.