TABLE 4.
Proportion* of sodium consumed from each eating occasion† and place obtained§ among children aged 6–18 years and by age group — National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2009–2010
| Eating occasion | |||||||||
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| Breakfast | Lunch | Dinner | Snack | ||||||
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| Age group (yrs) | Place obtained | % | (SE) | % | (SE) | % | (SE) | % | (SE) |
| 6–18 (N = 2,266) | |||||||||
| All | 14.9 | (0.6) | 29.5 | (1.0) | 39.2 | (1.1) | 16.4 | (0.6) | |
| Store | 11.3 | (0.4) | 14.9 | (1.0) | 26.0 | (1.1) | 12.9 | (0.5) | |
| Restaurants with fast food/Pizza | —¶ | 4.2 | (0.5) | 6.6 | (0.5) | 1.2 | (0.2) | ||
| Restaurant with waitstaff | — | 1.3 | (0.3) | 3.0 | (0.3) | — | |||
| School cafeteria | 1.4 | (0.3) | 7.2 | (1.3) | — | — | |||
| Other | — | 1.9 | (0.2) | 3.4 | (0.3) | 1.9 | (0.2) | ||
| 6–10 (n = 943) | |||||||||
| All | 17.1 | (0.6) | 28.8 | (0.8) | 38.2 | (1.4) | 15.9 | (0.6) | |
| Store | 12.9 | (0.6) | 13.4 | (1.2) | 26.0 | (1.4) | 12.0 | (0.6) | |
| Restaurants with fast food/Pizza | — | 3.1 | (0.5) | 6.0 | (0.5) | 1.0 | (0.3) | ||
| Restaurant with waitstaff | — | 2.0 | (0.6) | 3.0 | (0.6) | — | |||
| School cafeteria | 2.1 | (0.3) | 9.0 | (1.2) | — | — | |||
| Other | — | 1.3 | (0.3) | 3.0 | (0.8) | 2.4 | (0.4) | ||
| 11–13 (n = 509) | |||||||||
| All food | 15.8 | (0.6) | 26.4 | (2.0) | 40.3 | (2.0) | 17.5 | (1.6) | |
| Store | 12.4 | (0.8) | 13.8 | (1.4) | 27.1 | (2.4) | 14.3 | (1.4) | |
| Restaurants with fast food/Pizza | — | 2.3 | (0.5) | 6.9 | (1.0) | — | |||
| Restaurant with waitstaff | — | — | 2.0 | (0.5) | — | ||||
| School cafeteria | 1.1 | (0.4) | 7.0 | (1.5) | — | — | |||
| Other | — | 2.3 | (0.4) | 4.2 | (0.7) | 1.8 | (0.4) | ||
| 14–18 (n = 814) | |||||||||
| All | 12.8 | (1.1)** | 31.5 | (1.2)†† | 39.5 | (1.5) | 16.2 | (1.1) | |
| Store | 9.5 | (1.0) | 16.6 | (1.2) | 25.4 | (1.5) | 12.9 | (0.9) | |
| Restaurants with fast food/Pizza | 1.0 | (0.3) | 5.9 | (0.8) | 6.9 | (0.9) | 1.6 | (0.3) | |
| Restaurant with waitstaff | — | 1.0 | (0.3) | 3.5 | (0.4) | — | |||
| School cafeteria | 1.0 | (0.3) | 5.9 | (1.8) | — | — | |||
| Other | — | 2.1 | (0.5) | 3.3 | (0.9) | 1.5 | (0.2) | ||
The proportion (%) of sodium consumed is defined as the sum of the amount of sodium consumed from each specific food category for all participants divided by the sum of sodium consumed from all food categories for all participants multiplied by 100. All estimates use 24-hour dietary recall, take into account the complex sampling design, and use dietary day 1 sample weights to account for nonresponse and weekend/weekday recalls.
Eating occasions were defined by the participant. Responses were categorized as follows: breakfast was defined as “breakfast,” “desayuno,” or“almuerzo”; lunch was defined as “brunch,” “lunch,” or “comida”; dinner was defined as “dinner,” “supper,” or “cena”; and snack as “snack,” “drink,” “extended consumption (items that were consumed over a long period of time),” “merienda,” “entre comidas,” “botana,” “bocadillo,” “tentempie,” or “bebida.”
Place obtained was analyzed from responses to the question, “Where did you get this (most of the ingredients for this) [food name]?” Sources other than those shown were combined under “other.” The most common “Other” source listed was “from someone else/gift” (4.9%). Other sources each contributed <2% of sodium intake, including “missing,” “do not know,” and “other/specify” (<1%).
Estimate not reported, either <1% or statistically unreliable, relative standard error ≥30%.
Statistically significant difference in population proportion compared with children aged 6–10 years and children aged 11–13 years, by t-tests, p<0.05.
Statistically significant difference in population proportion compared with children aged 11–13 years, by t-tests, p<0.001.