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. 2015 Sep 17;9:278. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00278

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Copyright © 2015 Nagai.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Biofeedback intervention on Epilepsy and Tourette Syndrome. (A) Data from a randomized controlled trial in epilepsy patients. Six patients out of 10 patients in biofeedback showed more than 50% seizure reduction after a month of EDA biofeedback intervention. Asterisk (^*) show patients who dropped out in the middle of the training. (B) Effect of peripheral autonomic modulation in patients with Tourette Syndrome. EDA biofeedback was performed to increase and decrease skin conductivity. The number of tics occurring during 5 min of bio-feedback intervention are presented for each patient. (Nagai et al., 2004b, 2008, permission obtained).