Table 1.
Author | Publication Year | Study Location | Population Studied | Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vilioen | 2015 | South Africa | 124 HIV-infected mothers and their babies | CMV is associated with increased HIV shedding in breast milk |
Gumbo | 2014 | Zimbabwe | 257 ART-naïve HIV-positive infants | 79% CMV IgG positive by age 6 weeks. No increase in mortality associated with CMV |
Tembo | 2015 | Zambia | 303 pediatric inpatients, age 3 weeks to 2 years | CMV viraemia in 41%, associated with being underweight, HIV-positive, or suspected meningitis |
Schaftenaar | 2014 | South Africa | 405 ART-naïve HIV-positive children | CMV IgG in 100%, higher titres associated with lower CD4+ T cell count |
Manicklal | 2014 | South Africa | 748 neonates born to HIV-infected mothers | Congenital CMV in 2.9%, associated with maternal CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 |
Mwaanza | 2014 | Zambia | 395 neonates | Congenital CMV in 3.8%, maternal HIV associated with increased congenital CMV infection |
Hsiao | 2013 | South Africa | 425 HIV exposed infants | CMV viraemia is associated with pneumonia in HIV exposed infants |
Zampoli | 2011 | South Africa | 202 children with suspected PCP | CMV associated pneumonia more common in HIV infected children |
Goussard | 2010 | South Africa | 25 HIV-positive children with suspected PJP | CMV most likely cause of pneumonia and is associated with low CD4 counts and mortality |
Slyker | 2009 | Kenya | 64 infants born to HIV-positive mothers | Maternal CMV DNAemia is a significant factor for mortality in HIV infected infants |
Roxby | 2014 | Kenya | 141 infants born to HIV-positive mothers | 66% acquired CMV by 1 year of age |
Slyker | 2012 | Kenya | 474 infants born to HIV-positive mothers | CMV induced T cell activation contributes to rapid disease progression in coinfected infants |
The studies summarized are conducted solely in African children and published between 2009 and 2015.