Table 1.
Overview of splenic MΦ subsets.
| MΦ type associated markers | Connection to immune response | Associated pathogens |
|---|---|---|
| RpMΦs | ||
| F4/80+/++ (2), CD11blow (2), CD68+ (2), and SIRPα+ (43) | • Uptake of aging or apoptotic RBCs (2) • Limitation of autoimmunity (IL-10 and TGFβ in resolution of inflammation) (55) • Induction of Tregs by IL-10 production (55) • Phagocytosis of blood-borne pathogens (35–38) • Iron homeostasis (1, 50–53) |
Plasmodium (35), Cryptococcus neoformans (36), Streptococcus pneumoniae (37), Salmonella typhimurium (38) |
| MZMΦs | ||
| SIGNR1+ (3, 4), F4/80+/− (3, 4), MARCO+ (3, 4), lymphotoxin, and TNF receptors (75, 76) | • Clearance of modified LDL (1) • TI-2 B cell responses (68) • Phagocytosis of blood-borne pathogens (3, 4, 65, 67) |
Staphylococcus aureus (3), Listeria monocytogenes (65), Escherichia coli (3), HIV (4), LCMV (67) |
| MMMΦs | ||
| SigLec-1+ (CD169+) (5), MOMA-1+ (5), F4/80+/− (5), lymphotoxin, and TNF receptors (75, 76) | • Indirect activation of CD8+ T cells (69) • Phagocytosis of blood-borne pathogens (67) |
Listeria monocytogenes (65), LCMV (67) |
A subdivision of splenic MΦs, detailing RPMΦs, MZMΦs, and MMMΦs associated markers, their connection to the systemic immune response, and associated pathogens. The respective references from each feature are detailed inside the table.