Table 4.

Variance components and correlation parameters for LMMs.

EVS LMM			Oral/Silent LMM
Random factor	Variance component	SD	Random factor	Variance component	SD
Sentence	N-length	0.177	Sentence	N-length	0.185
(N = 144)	N-frequency	0.052	(N = 144)	N-frequency	0.049
	N-predictability	0.171		N-predictability	0.192
	N-1 frequency	0.024		N-1 frequency	0.032
	N-1 length	0.092		N-1 length	0.105
	Mean SFD	0.062		Mean SFD	0.045
Subject	N-length	0.098	Subject	N-length	0.081
(N = 32)	N-frequency	0.029	(N = 63)	N-frequency	0.023
	N-predictability	0.055		N-predictability	0.041
	N-1 frequency	0.012		N-1 frequency	0.010
	N-1 length	0.078		N-1 length	0.075
	Mean SFD	0.096		Mean SFD	0.114
Residual (N = 11709)		0.272	Residual (N = 31185)

Correlation parameters for were 0.80 and -0.40 for sentence-related and subject-related N-length and N-frequency effects, respectively, in the EVS LMM; corresponding correlation parameters were 0.82 and -0.55 in the oral/silent LMM.