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. 2015 Sep 28;6:1416. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01416

Table 3.

Song recordings for the four South African starling species and their song characteristics: temporal features (durations in seconds, mean ± SD); proportions of discontinuous songs (DS) and continuous songs (CS).

O. morio O. nabouroup L. nitens S. bicolor
Number of individuals 45 9 30 16
Total time of analyzed song (min) 6000 41 184 70
Total number of motifs analyzed 4500 1021 11±000 206
DS and CS song proportion (%) DS DS DC DS CS CS
100 16.54 83.46 5.43 94.57 100
Motif duration 0.76±0.23 0.15±0.001 0.3±0 0.32±0.06 0.29±0.04 0.17±0
Phrase duration 0.76±0.23 0.15±0.001 1.79±0.56 0.7±0 2.91±4.29 3.19±2.07
Number of motifs per sequence 1±0 1±0 5.67±1.91 2±0 6.92±3.12 11.78±7.89
Duration between motifs >1 >1 0.08±0.04 0±0 0.2±0.04 0.13±0.03
Duration between sequences 8.96±4.58 2.99±1.49 7.19±3.68 4.07±4 2.28±1.20 2.06±0.8