Table 1.
Means and standard deviations of participant characteristics
| Nonimpaired (N = 14) | Dyslexic readers (N = 15) | t (27) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 17.77 (1.12) | 18.28 (1.13) | 0.51 |
| Sentence reading | |||
| Accuracy (% correct) | 98.97 (0.62) | 95.68 (3.81) | – |
| Speed (sentences correct/3 min) | 56.21 (5.31) | 25.73 (6.58) | 13.67*** |
| Corresponding reading quotient | 106.57 (7.53) | 63.34 (9.33) | |
| Word reading | |||
| Accuracy (% correct) | 99.86 (0.36) | 97.33 (2.19) | – |
| Speed (items/min) | 125.21 (11.60) | 72.20 (22.35) | 7.72*** |
| Nonword reading | |||
| Accuracy (% correct) | 98.88 (1.54) | 94.96 (5.97) | – |
| Speed (items/min) | 83.36 (14.78) | 41.00 (14.58) | 7.49*** |
| Verbal IQ | |||
| Vocabulary | 118.92 (9.84) | 103.67 (10.08) | 4.12*** |
| Similarities | 114.29 (9.38) | 106.67 (10.47) | 2.06* |
| Digit span | 102.86 (11.88) | 92.33 (11.32) | 2.44* |
| Performance IQ | |||
| Block design | 109.29 (5.84) | 112.00 (12.79) | 0.73 |
| Visual puzzles | 106.79 (14.89) | 111.33 (14.70) | 0.83 |
| Coding | 106.42 (10.99) | 96.33 (13.16) | 2.23* |
| Silent reading task (in scanner) | |||
| Accuracy (% correct) | 99.27 (1.43) | 96.86 (3.03) | – |
| Reaction time (ms/item) | 877.13 (195.90) | 955.34 (124.61) | 1.26 |
| Phonological lexical decision task (in scanner) | |||
| Accuracy (% correct) | 90.34 (5.40) | 81.41 (8.58) | 3.33** |
| Reaction time (ms/item) | 957.48 (147.13) | 1272.57 (283.03) | 3.72** |
| Rapid automatized naming objects | |||
| 1-syllabic items (syl/min) | 94.61 (19.08) | 82.85 (16.82) | 1.76 |
| 3-syllabic items (syl/min) | 212.79 (47.42) | 173.87 (32.66) | 2.59* |
| All items (syl/min) | 153.70 (31.59) | 128.35 (23.81) | 2.45* |
Statistically reliable group differences are indicated by asterisks.
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.