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. 2015 Sep 22;5:14303. doi: 10.1038/srep14303

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A polymer film containing an ionic liquid (ionic liquid film) was used to apply an electric field to the surface of the Pd layer, in which a magnetic moment was induced. By applying a gate voltage V_G, a pair of electric double layers (EDL) was formed at the top and bottom interfaces of the ionic liquid film. The formation of the bottom EDL resulted in a change in the electron density at the surface of the Pd layer. Because of Thomas–Fermi screening, only the electron density at the uppermost Pd layer was expected to be modulated.