Table 2.
Subcategories of AO type B injury
| Type B: Anterior and posterior element injury with distraction |
| B1. Posterior disruption predominantly ligamentous (flexion-distraction injury) |
| B1.1. With transverse disruption of the disc |
| B1.1.1. Flexion-subluxation |
| B1.1.2. Anterior dislocation |
| B1.1.3. Flexion-subluxation/anterior dislocation with fracture of the articular processes |
| B1.2. With type A fracture of the vertebral body |
| B1.2.1. Flexion-subluxation + type A fracture |
| B1.2.2. Anterior dislocation + type A fracture |
| B1.2.3. Flexion-subluxation/anterior dislocation with fracture of the articular processes + type A fracture |
| B2. Posterior disruption predominantly osseous (flexion-distraction injury) |
| B2.1. Transverse bicolumn fracture |
| B2.2. With transverse disruption of the disc |
| B2.2.1. Disruption through the pedicle and disc |
| B2.2.2. Disruption through the parsinterarticularis and disc (flexion- spondylolysis) |
| B2.3. With type A fracture of the vertebral body |
| B2.3.1. Fracture through the pedicle + type A fracture |
| B2.3.2. Fracture through the parsinterarticularis (flexion-spondylolysis) + type A fracture |
| B3. Anterior disruption through the disc (hyperextension-shear injury) |
| B3.1. Hyperextension-subluxations |
| B3.1.1. Without injury of the posterior column |
| B3.1.2. With injury of the posterior column |
| B3.2. Hyperextension-spondylolysis |
| B3.3. Posterior dislocation |