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. 2015 Sep 28;5:14543. doi: 10.1038/srep14543

Table 1. Subgroup analysis of advanced HIV disease and late presentation.

Subgroup analysis Total No.
 Pooled aORs(95%CI) I2 P value
              
Studies/arms Patients Heterogeneity Meta-regression              
Advanced HIV disease 29 155378 1.73(1.59–1.89) 78.50% <0.001 —              
Time laga              
 0 month 9 34072 1.85(1.50–2.30) 84.90% <0.001 0.754              
 1 month 3 36544 1.53(1.33–1.76) 70.80% 0.033                
 3 months 8 40841 1.72(1.47–2.02) 68.10% 0.003                
 6 months 4 18394 1.67(0.97–2.76) 70.30% 0.018                
 12 months 7 45455 1.70(1.59–1.82) 12.40% 0.335                
Study location              
 developed countries/region 22 134907 1.67(1.53–1.82) 73.80% <0.001 0.347              
 developing countries 7 20471 1.98(1.47–2.69) 85.90% <0.001                
Number of patients              
 <1000 15 6711 1.92(1.44–2.55) 68.70% <0.001 0.180              
 ≥1000 14 148667 1.65(1.52–1.79) 82.80% <0.001                
Proportion of femalesb              
 <50% 25 138309 1.76(1.59–1.94) 81.20% <0.001 0.839              
 ≥50% 3 16791 1.67(1.54–1.80) 0.00% 0.683                
Study design              
 cross-sectional 7 2257 1.63(0.82–3.23) 84.00% <0.001 0.760              
 retrospective 22 153121 1.70(1.57–1.84) 76.90% <0.001                
Adjusted variables              
 <4 5 25457 1.92(1.73–2.14) 0.00% 0.436 0.731              
 =4 10 70400 1.69(1.47–1.95) 70.30% <0.001                
 >4 14 59521 1.73(1.52–1.96) 81.70% <0.001                
Late presentation 12 48923 1.38(1.18–1.62) 85.60% <0.001 —              
Time lagc              
 0 month 7 41876 1.36(1.14–1.62) 85.60% <0.001 0.706              
 3 month 3 6254 1.41(0.77–2.58) 93.50% <0.001                
 12 months 2 793 1.54(1.04–2.26) 85.60% <0.001                
Study location              
 developed countries 11 34436 1.34(1.14–1.57) 81.50% <0.001 0.317              
 developing countries 1 14487 1.80(1.59–2.03) — —                
Number of patients              
 <1000 4 1500 1.35(1.100–1.83) 0.00% 0.526 0.797              
 ≥1000 8 47423 1.40(1.16–1.68) 90.60% <0.001                
Proportion of femalesd              
 <50% 9 33736 1.34(1.13–1.59) 85.20% <0.001 0.463              
 ≥50% 2 14839 1.78(1.58–2.01) 0.00% 0.329                
Study design              
 cross-sectional 2 793 1.54(1.04–2.26) 0.00% 0.507 0.600              
 retrospective 9 46395 1.40(1.17–1.68) 89.10% <0.001                
 prospective 1 1735 1.11(0.85–1.46) — —                
Adjusted variables              
 <4 3 5767 1.40(0.99–1.31) 0.00% 0.684 0.121              
 =4 6 24150 1.33(1.13–1.55) 72.10% 0.003                
 >4 3 19006 1.66(1.08–1.62) 92.00% <0.001                

aTime lag of 1 month included Yang et al., 2010a and time lag of 3 months included Yang et al., 2010b and one study as 60 days and one study as 90 days.

bRagaller et al., 2013a was excluded due to data not applicable.

cTime lag of 3 months included one study as 90 days.

dRagaller et al., 2013b was excluded due to data not applicable.