Table 2. Demographic information, clinical history, medications, ECG and echocardiographic findings for T. cruzi-infected Stage D at time of recruitment.
Alive N=30 | Died N=20 | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
Age, mean (SD) | 62.6 (11.2) | 60.3 (9.6) | 0.45 |
Sex, male | 16 (53 %) | 14 (70 %) | 0.24 |
BMI, mean (SD)* | 27.1 (4.4) | 24.4 (4.1) | 0.04 |
Overweight or obese* | 20 (69 %) | 10 (50 %) | 0.18 |
Inpatient at recruitment | 21 (70 %) | 10 (50 %) | 0.15 |
Medical History by Self-Report** | |||
Hypertension | 16 (53 %) | 7 (35 %) | 0.20 |
Diabetes Mellitus | 3 (10 %) | 2 (10 %) | 1.00 |
Coronary Artery Disease | 7 (23 %) | 2 (10 %) | 0.29 |
Heart Failure | 22 (73 %) | 14 (70 %) | 1.00 |
Pacemaker | 4 (13 %) | 2 (10 %) | 1.00 |
Medications** | |||
Beta Blocker | 6 (20 %) | 4 (20 %) | 1.00 |
ACE inhibitor | 10 (33 %) | 10 (50 %) | 0.24 |
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers | 3 (10 %) | 1 (5 %) | 0.64 |
Anticoagulant | 3 (10 %) | 2 (10 %) | 1.00 |
Aspirin | 21 (70 %) | 10 (50 %) | 0.15 |
Nitroglycerin | 1 (3 %) | 2 (10 %) | 0.56 |
Amiodarone | 8 (27 %) | 3 (15 %) | 0.49 |
Calcium Channel Blocker | 2 (7 %) | 1 (5 %) | 1.00 |
Diuretics | 11 (37 %) | 8 (40 %) | 0.81 |
Digoxin | 11 (37 %) | 5 (25 %) | 0.39 |
Spironolactone | 5 (17 %) | 6 (30 %) | 0.27 |
Any medication | 26 (87 %) | 16 (80 %) | 0.70 |
ECG** | |||
Isolated right bundle branch block | 2 (7 %) | 5 (25 %) | 0.10 |
RBBB and LAFB | 3 (10 %) | 1 (5 %) | 0.64 |
Left Bundle Branch Block | 4 (13 %) | 1 (5 %) | 0.33 |
Atrial fibrillation or flutter | 9 (33 %) | 9 (45 %) | 0.28 |
Multiple PVC | 5 (17 %) | 3 (15 %) | 0.60 |
Low voltage | 1 (3 %) | 1 (5 %) | 0.65 |
Normal ECG | 1 (3%) | 1 (5%) | 0.76 |
Other Findings | |||
NYHA III or IV | 15 (50 %) | 12 (60 %) | 0.49 |
Ejection Fraction, median(IQR) | 27.5 (20-35) | 20 (20-30) | 0.13 |
Segmental Score, median(IQR) | 2.0 (1.6-2.3) | 2.3 (1.8-2.4) | 0.09 |
BMI = body mass index; RBBB=right bundle branch block; LAFB=left anterior fascicular block; NYHA = New York Heart Association; PVC = premature ventricular contraction. Overweight and obese defined as BMI 25 - 29.9 and ≥ 30, respectively.
Weight data missing for one surviving participant
Adds up to >100% because some patients had more than one abnormality or drug.