Table 4.
Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for heart failure among women according to different levels of BMI at baseline and during follow-up among various subpopulations
| Body mass index (kg/m2)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <23 | 23–24.9 | 25–29.9 | 30–34.9 | 35–39.9 | ≥40 | |
| Baseline | ||||||
| Race | ||||||
| African American | 1.13 (0.89–1.44) | 1.12 (0.88–1.41) | 1.00 | 1.18 (1.03–1.36) | 1.46 (1.26–1.68) | 1.91 (1.67–2.19) |
| White | 1.19 (0.89–1.58) | 1.19 (0.92–1.55) | 1.00 | 1.31 (1.11–1.54) | 1.70 (1.44–2.01) | 2.18 (1.86–2.56) |
| Age groups, yr | ||||||
| <50 | 1.21 (0.86–1.70) | 1.09 (0.77–1.52) | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.91–1.36) | 1.25 (1.03–1.53) | 1.53 (1.28–1.84) |
| 50–59 | 1.42 (1.04–1.93) | 1.24 (0.92–1.66) | 1.00 | 1.23 (1.03–1.47) | 1.60 (1.34–1.91) | 2.11 (1.78–2.49) |
| 60–94 | 0.96 (0.71–1.32) | 1.18 (0.89–1.57) | 1.00 | 1.25 (1.04–1.49) | 1.62 (1.35–1.96) | 2.15 (1.78–2.60) |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never | 1.17 (0.93–1.46) | 1.11 (0.90–1.37) | 1.00 | 1.21 (1.07–1.37) | 1.50 (1.32–1.70) | 1.93 (1.72–2.18) |
| Ever or current | 1.18 (0.85–1.63) | 1.30 (0.95–1.79) | 1.00 | 1.30 (1.05–1.61) | 1.73 (1.39–2.16) | 2.25 (1.82–2.78) |
| Using glucose-lowering agents | ||||||
| No | 1.13 (0.86–1.49) | 1.03 (0.78–1.37) | 1.00 | 1.10 (0.92–1.32) | 1.46 (1.22–1.76) | 1.93 (1.61–2.30) |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents | 1.12 (0.74–1.70) | 1.28 (0.91–1.80) | 1.00 | 1.33 (1.08–1.64) | 1.50 (1.21–1.86) | 2.02 (1.64–2.48) |
| Insulin | 1.14 (0.83–1.55) | 1.23 (0.92–1.65) | 1.00 | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) | 1.58 (1.33–1.88) | 2.05 (1.74–2.42) |
| Follow-up | ||||||
| Race | ||||||
| African American | 1.22 (0.96–1.56) | 1.01 (0.79–1.29) | 1.00 | 1.18 (1.03–1.36) | 1.48 (1.28–1.71) | 2.06 (1.80–2.37) |
| White | 1.20 (0.91–1.58) | 0.86 (0.65–1.14) | 1.00 | 1.15 (0.98–1.34) | 1.53 (1.30–1.80) | 2.04 (1.75–2.38) |
| Age groups, yr | ||||||
| <50 | 1.44 (1.01–2.04) | 0.95 (0.65–1.38) | 1.00 | 1.20 (0.98–1.47) | 1.32 (1.08–1.62) | 1.71 (1.42–2.06) |
| 50–59 | 1.44 (1.06–1.97) | 1.10 (0.80–1.49) | 1.00 | 1.15 (0.96–1.37) | 1.45 (1.21–1.73) | 2.19 (1.86–2.58) |
| 60–94 | 1.02 (0.76–1.37) | 0.88 (0.66–1.18) | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.92–1.30) | 1.61 (1.34–1.93) | 1.87 (1.55–2.26) |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never | 1.22 (0.98–1.53) | 1.00 (0.80–1.24) | 1.00 | 1.16 (1.02–1.31) | 1.47 (1.30–1.66) | 1.97 (1.76–2.22) |
| Ever or current | 1.23 (0.89–1.69) | 0.86 (0.60–1.22) | 1.00 | 1.19 (0.96–1.46) | 1.62 (1.30–2.01) | 2.23 (1.81–2.74) |
| Using glucose-lowering agents | ||||||
| No | 1.33 (1.03–1.74) | 0.89 (0.66–1.21) | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.94–1.33) | 1.43 (1.19–1.72) | 1.87 (1.57–2.23) |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents | 1.00 (0.67–1.50) | 0.95 (0.67–1.35) | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.86–1.29) | 1.46 (1.18–1.80) | 1.94 (1.59–2.37) |
| Insulin | 1.23 (0.88–1.71) | 1.06 (0.77–1.45) | 1.00 | 1.26 (1.06–1.49) | 1.51 (1.27–1.80) | 2.16 (1.84–2.54) |
Adjusted for age, race, income, type of insurance, and smoking at baseline (in the baseline analyses) and during follow-up (in the follow-up analyses) other than
the variable for stratification.