. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 29.

Published in final edited form as: Hum Exp Toxicol. 2012 Sep 27;31(10):981–1005. doi: 10.1177/0960327112444476

Table 5.

Summary of findings from case–control studies of genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes (OGG1, APE1 and XRCC1) and their interactions with environmental factors and breast cancer

Study population	No. of cases/controls	Main effects of polymorphisms			Gene–environment interaction	References
Study population	No. of cases/controls	OGG1 Ser326Cys	XRCC1 (Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp, Arg280His)	APE1Asp148Glu	Gene–environment interaction	References
American (H)	748/2240	–	2.3-fold IR; (Arg/Trp + Trp/Trp) 1.3-fold IR (Gln/Gln)	IE;(Glu/Glu)		Sigurdson et al.⁸²
Caucasian (H) African-American (AA)(H)	336/416 63/78	–	NA	1.5-fold IR (Asp/Glu + Glu/Glu)	–	Smith et al.⁸³
USA (P) Poland	1571/1784 1470/1366	NA	NA	NA	No change (Pre and post-menapausal status)	Zhang et al. ⁸⁴
Danish (H)	425/434	NA	–	–	–	Vogel et al.⁸⁵
Taiwanese (H)	506/424	NA	NA (Arg/Trp, Arg/His) -(Arg/Gln)	NA	–	Sangrajrang et al.⁸⁶

–: Unreported; NA; no association; IR: increased risk; RR: reduced risk; S: smoking; D: drinking; RM: red meat; H: hospital based study; P: population based study