Figure 2.

Effect of rutin on adipogenic gene expression and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity in adipose tissue. The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and adipocyte protein 2 (aP2) were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and normalized for all samples to β-actin (A). AMPK activity was measured using an AMPK kinase kit and normalized to protein levels (B). The results are expressed as the fold change compared to the HFD group (mean ± standard errof of the mean (SEM), n = 8 per group). Bars with different letters (a, b) are significantly different according to Tukey’s multiple comparison test at p < 0.05.