| Aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin) |
increased renal magnesium loss, secondary hyperaldosteronism |
| Antimicrobial medication (Pentamidine) |
increased renal magnesium loss |
| Antiviral medication (foscarnet) |
nephrotoxicity, increased renal magnesium loss |
| Beta adrenergic agonists (e.g., Fenoterol, salbutamol, theophylline) |
increased renal magnesium excretion, metabolic abnormalities (magnesium shift into cells) |
| Bisphosphonates (pamidronate) |
renal impairment, magnesium excretion |
| Chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., amsacrine, cisplatin) |
nephrotoxicity, cisplatin accumulates in renal cortex, increased renal magnesium loss |
| Immunosuppressants (cyclosporine, sirolimus) |
2- to 3-fold increased urinary magnesium excretion (→ magnesium wasting) |
| Loop diuretics, esp. long-term use |
increased renal magnesium loss, secondary hyperaldosteronism |
| (e.g., furosemide) |
| Monoclonal antibody (e.g. cetuximab, panitumumab) |
EGFR blockade in the nephron impairs the active transport of magnesium (→ magnesium wasting) |
| Polyene antifungals (amphotericin B) |
nephrotoxicity |
| Proton pump inhibitors |
loss of active magnesium absorption via transient receptor potential melastatin-6 and -7 (TRPM6/7) |
| Thiazide diuretics, esp. long-term use (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide) |
increased renal magnesium loss, secondary hyperaldosteronism |
