Table 3.

Concentration (mg/L) of heavy metals in water samples from Nangodi and Tinga.

Sampling Sites		Hg	As	Pb	Zn	Cd
Nangodi (5 sites)
BHN	Range	0.001–0.001	0.001–0.115	0.146–0.791	0.005–0.786	0.003–0.900
	Mean ± SD	0.005 ± 0.001	0.044 ± 0.008	0.440 ± 0.402	0.143 ± 0.008	0.335 ± 0.015
HDWA	Range	0.006–0.180	0.002–0.034	0.005–0.205	nd	0.034–0.786
	Mean ± SD	0.063 ± 0.006	0.010 ± 0.001	0.080 ± 0.010	nd	0.223 ± 0.310
HDWB	Range	0.014–0.070	0.007–0.022	0.020–0.769	0.005–0.018	0.001–1.600
	Mean ± SD	0.032 ± 0.005	0.014 ± 0.004	0.251 ± 0.050	0.009 ± 0.001	0.444 ± 0.970
DA	Range	0.012–0.191	0.047–0.109	0.034–0.618	0.005–0.020	0.121–0.910
	Mean ± SD	0.072 ± 0.008	0.065 ± 0.004	0.222 ± 0.096	0.008 ± 0.001	0.533 ± 0.020
DB	Range	0.005–0.051	0.002–0.091	0.005–0.508	nd	0.080–2.227
	Mean ± SD	0.020 ± 0.057	0.023 ± 0.035	0.223 ± 0.212	nd	1.090 ± 0.033
Tinga (7 sites)
BHT1	Range	0.057–0.210	0.001–0.003	0.001–0.010	0.002–0.004	0.010–0.070
	Mean ± SD	0.127 ± 0.090	0.002 ± 0.001	0.008 ± 0.004	0.003 ± 0.001	0.040 ± 0.001
BHT2	Range	0.009–0.220	0.001–0.003	0.001–0.020	0.001–0.003	0.002–0.070
	Mean ± SD	0.070 ± 0.010	0.002 ± 0.001	0.010 ± 0.001	0.002 ± 0.001	0.040 ± 0.003
BHT3	Range	0.056–0.270	0.010–0.002	0.001–0.010	0.001–0.003	0.002–0.060
	Mean ± SD	0.127 ± 0.020	0.001 ± 0.001	0.008 ± 0.004	0.002 ± 0.001	0.027 ± 0.010
BHT4	Range	0.001–0.090	0.001–0.003	0.001–0.020	0.001–0.003	0.002–0.060
	Mean ± SD	0.040 ± 0.010	0.002 ± 0.001	0.010 ± 0.002	0.002 ± 0.001	0.034 ± 0.020
BGWP	Range	0.003–0.060	0.001–0.003	0.009–0.060	0.001–0.003	0.002–0.002
	Mean ± SD	0.027 ± 0.020	0.001 ± 0.001	0.035 ± 0.010	0.002 ± 0.001	0.011 ± 0.009
GWP	Range	0.020–0.040	0.001–0.002	0.024–0.227	0.003–0.005	0.002–0.010
	Mean ± SD	0.027 ± 0.010	0.001 ± 0.001	0.070 ± 0.027	0.004 ± 0.001	0.004 ± 0.002
AGWP	Range	0.001–0.060	0.001–0.007	0.024–0.227	0.002–0.005	0.002–0.010
	Mean ± SD	0.027 ± 0.002	0.003 ± 0.001	0.070 ± 0.001	0.004 ± 0.001	0.004 ± 0.001
WHO Limit a		0.010	0.010	0.010	3.000	0.003

A total of 72 samples were collected from five and seven sample sites in Nangodi and Tinga, respectively (over six months), these concentrations is summary results of the various samples analyzed. BH represents borehole; HDWA, HDWB, DA and DB represents various samples collected from hand dug-outs wells and dug-outs; BGWP (before gold washing pool), GWP (gold washing pool) and AGWP (after gold washing pool) represent the various sampling points in the stream; BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4 represent the various four boreholes where samples were collected; WHO limit ^a represents the WHO 2008 permissible limit for drinking water; nd—not detected.