Table 4.
Effect of Findings from the Most Severe Findings of Three Cranial Ultrasounds of Children Born at <32 weeks on Cerebral Palsy, and Mediation of the Association of MgSO4 with Cerebral Palsy
| MgSO4 | Placebo | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effect of Ultrasound Abnormality on the risk of CP (OR and 95% CI)* | CP (n=40) | No CP (n=737) | CP (n=66) | No CP (n=770) | Effect of MgSO4 on the risk of CP after adjusting for CUS finding (OR and 95% CI)** | % of the total effect explained by the CUS finding | p-value for effect of CUS finding† | |
| Echodensity | 9.6 (4.9, 19.1) | 1 | 9 | 13 | 15 | 0.69 (0.45, 1.05) | 20% | 0.02 |
| Echolucency | 12.6 (7.4, 21.5) | 7 | 19 | 22 | 24 | 0.69 (0.45, 1.05) | 21% | 0.04 |
| PVL | 34.9 (16.6, 73.4) | 8 | 6 | 14 | 5 | 0.63 (0.40, 0.97) | 3% | 0.51 |
| Ventriculomegaly | 6.8 (4.0, 11.5) | 6 | 33 | 18 | 27 | 0.62 (0.41, 0.95) | 1% | 0.54 |
| IVH (all) | 3.3 (2.2, 5.0) | 15 | 145 | 32 | 149 | 0.63 (0.42, 0.96) | 3% | 0.54 |
| IVH grades III/IV | 12.4 (6.4, 24.0) | 2 | 13 | 16 | 11 | 0.66 (0.43, 1.00) | 11% | 0.10 |
| Any of the above | 5.2 (3.4, 7.8) | 21 | 165 | 43 | 174 | 0.64 (0.42, 0.97) | 8% | 0.32 |
MgSO4 = magnesium sulfate; CP = cerebral palsy; PVL = periventricular leukomalacia; IVH = intraventricular hemorrhage; CUS = cranial ultrasound
*
Odds ratio (95% CI) adjusted for correlations between twins.
**
Odds ratio (95% CI) adjusted for correlations between twins. Note that without including the effect of the CUS finding, the odds ratio (95% CI) for CP of MgSO4 is 0.63 (0.42, 0.95)
†
Sobel test