Table 5.

Effect of Findings from the Term Ultrasound on Cerebral Palsy/Death, and Mediation of the Association of MgSO₄ with Cerebral Palsy/Death

		MgSO4		Placebo
	Effect of Ultrasound Abnormality on the risk of CP/death (OR and 95% CI)*	CP/death (n=47)	No CP (n=819)	CP/death (n=82)	No CP (n=857)	Effect of MgSO4 on the risk of CP/death after adjusting for CUS finding**	% of the total effect explained by the CUS finding	p-value for effect of CUS finding†
Echodensity	13.3 (7.8, 22.7)	8	16	21	20	0.64 (0.43, 0.94)	15%	0.07
Echolucency	55.1 (21.5, 141)	8	3	13	3	0.59 (0.40, 0.88)	1%	0.45
PVL	8.7 (5.0, 15.0)	6	22	16	17	0.59 (0.41, 0.87)	1%	0.58
IVH (all)	2.5 (1.6, 4.0)	9	84	21	94	0.61 (0.42, 0.88)	4%	0.32
IVH grades III/IV	13.8 (5.3, 35.8)	0	6	9	3	0.61 (0.42, 0.90)	6%	0.24
Any of the above	4.7 (3.2, 6.8)	19	107	36	123	0.62 (0.43, 0.90)	11%	0.16

MgSO₄ = magnesium sulfate; CP = cerebral palsy; PVL = periventricular leukomalacia; IVH = intraventricular hemorrhage

^*Odds ratio (95% CI) adjusted for correlations between twins

^**Odds ratio (95% CI) adjusted for correlations between twins. Note that without including the effect of the CUS finding, this odds ratio (95% CI) for CP/death of MgSO₄ is 0.60 (0.41, 0.87)

^†Sobel test