ES1 is a SCAR homolog. A, Leaf margins (left, cv NPB; right, es1-1). Arrows indicate the trichome tip. B, Trichome phenotype (macro hairs; top, cv NPB; bottom, es1-1). C and D, F-actin organization was visualized with Alexa Fluor 488-phalloidin in root cells of the wild type (C) and es1 (D). Over 40 roots were used in this analysis. Arrows indicate the continuity of F-actin. Bars = 5 μm. E, Phylogenetic tree of SCAR-LIKE PROTEIN2 in several species.