Figure 4.

Odds of T2D and amount of CAC increase as intracellular cholesterol accumulation risk score increases. Odds ratio of T2D (individuals with impaired fasting glucose were excluded) (A) and fold change of CAC (B) (with 95% CI), by risk gene dosage group. Dosage groups defined by the number of “risk genes” (expression levels predicted to promote intracellular cholesterol accumulation) from the cyan network: reference group (ref.) = 0–2, low = 3–5, medium = 6–8, high = 9–11. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race, and study sites; model 2 was adjusted for all variables in model 1 plus smoking, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and physical activity; and model 3 was adjusted for all variables in model 2 plus BMI.