Changes in airway function and inflammation following repeated OVA challenges in WT and PHIL mice. (A) (a) Changes in lung resistance (RL) following 7 OVA challenges. (b) BAL cell composition. (c) Airway responsiveness following 11 OVA challenges. (d) BAL cell composition. n=6–9. #p<0.05 vs. PBS/OVA-7 or PBS/OVA-11 groups. (B) Goblet cell metaplasia. Representative photomicrographs of lung tissue from (a) WT mice following sham sensitization and 11 OVA challenges, (b) PHIL mice following sham sensitization and 11 OVA challenges, (c) WT mice following sensitization and 11 OVA challenges. (d) PHIL mice following sensitization and 11 OVA challenges. (e) Quantitation of PAS-positive areas along the airways. (C) BAL cytokine levels in WT and PHIL mice. BAL fluid samples were collected 48 hrs after 7 or 11 OVA challenges. n=9 in all experiments except panel B-e (n=6). Mac; macrophages, Ly; lymphocytes, Eo; eosinophils, Nt; neutrophils. #p<0.05 vs. PBS/OVA-7 and PBS/OVA-11. *p<0.05 vs. PHIL OVA/OVA-11.