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. 2015 Sep 29;15:211. doi: 10.1186/s12862-015-0492-0

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© Chu. 2015

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — The time when nutrient 1 is used up (left axis) and the biomass produced after 500 time units (right axis). The graph shows simulations against a dummy incumbent. The time to take up nutrient 1 falls quickly during the first few iterations and then approaches a limit. a In the case of extremely limited space total growth falls marginally only to about 95 %, whereas there are more significant drops in the case (b) of moderate limitation where the efficieny falls to nearly 55 % and (c) in the case of no limitation where the efficiency falls to about 35 %. These graphs report the results from individual evolutionary runs