Table 3.
Surgical recovery indicators
| 3D-VATE (%) n = 45 | 2D-VATE (%) n = 48 | P value | |
| Thoracoscopic operating time1 (min) | 68 ± 13.79 | 83 ± 13 | < 0.01 |
| Operating time2 (min) | 138 ± 14 | 167 ± 20 | < 0.01 |
| Bleeding (mL) | 68.2 ± 10.7 | 89.8 ± 10.4 | < 0.01 |
| Chest drains (mL) | 306.6 ± 56.2 | 366.4 ± 62.6 | < 0.01 |
| Chest tube duration (d) | 2.67 ± 1.01 | 3.75 ± 1.15 | < 0.01 |
| Length of stay (d) | 9.07 ± 2.00 | 10.85 ± 3.40 | 0.003 |
| Expenses (RMB) | 74968.4 ± 9637.8 | 86211.1 ± 8519.7 | < 0.01 |
1
Thoracoscopic operating time refers to the resection time;
2
Operating time is the time from skin incision to the final skin closure. VATE: Video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy; 3D: Three-dimensional; 2D: Two-dimensional.