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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 30.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Metab. 2015 Aug 4;22(2):239–252. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.07.015

Figure 1. Reduced Growth and Reprogramming Efficiency of Primary Fibroblasts from Medalist +C Type 1 Diabetes Patients.

Figure 1

(A) Morphological characteristics of primary skin fibroblasts obtained from T1D Medalist −C and +C and age-matched controls, Scale bar: 50 µm. Inset shows magnified image.

(B) Flow cytometry analyses: quantitative size assessment of fibroblasts from the three clinical groups (Controls, Medalist −C, and Medalist +C).

(C) Flow cytometry-based quantitation of BrdU incorporation, a surrogate for cell proliferation, in fibroblasts.

(D) Reprogramming of fibroblasts from the three groups, using lentiviral expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC and assessment of number of emerging iPSC clusters on day 14 of reprogramming. Scale bar: 100 µm.

(E) Quantitation of reprogramming efficiency across n = 6 reprogramming experiments.

(F) Dynamics of growth of Control, Medalist −C, and Medalist +C iPSCs over time, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after reprogramming with a polycistronic lentivirus. Scale bar: 200 µm.

Data represent N = 6 independent subjects per clinical group in each experiment, repeated three times, represented as mean ± SD. # p value < 0.05; *p value < 0.001. See also Figure S1.