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. 2015 Sep 30;10(9):e0136519. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136519

Table 4. Temperature requirements of current thermal energy-drawing applications on the CD.

Thermal Energy Drawing Applications Temperature
Minimum Maximum
Liquid Handling And Storage Using Waxes[14] 51.6°C 62.7°C
Thermal-Pneumatic Liquid Pumping[12] 25°C 57°C
Vacuum And Compression Valving Using Paraffin-Wax[13] 26°C 57.2°C
Thermo-Pneumatic Push And Pull Liquid Pumping[15] 27°C 50°C
Rapid Amplification PCR With Integrated Heating And Cooling[10] 60°C 95°C