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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biochem Soc Trans. 2011 Dec;39(6):1729–1734. doi: 10.1042/BST20110686

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Examples of nucleo-cytoskeletal force transmission and relevance in cellular function. Forces acting on the nucleus are depicted as small black arrows (A) Rearward nuclear movement in polarizing cells via retrograde flow of actin cables coupled to the nucleus trough nesprin-2/SUN2 [23]. (B) Interkinetic nuclear migration in neurons. Microtubule-associated motors move the nucleus during the cell cycle. Cell cycle phases are indicated as G1, S, G2, and M. (C) Nuclear movement in a migrating cell passing through a narrow constriction. (D) Nuclear anchoring at neuromuscular junctions via lamins, nesprins, and SUN proteins.