ADAM17 deletion does not improve EBF, but exogenous TNF-α treatment further impairs barrier dysfunction. EBF analysis at baseline (A to C) and after treatment with exogenous TNF-α (see Materials and Methods) (D to F). (A and D, top) Western blot analysis of p-MLC in isolated IECs. (Bottom) Quantification of p-MLC protein levels (n = 4 per group). (B and E) Paracellular permeability (panel B, n = 7 to 16 per group; panel E, n = 5 to 8 per group). (C and F) TER (n = 5 to 8 per group). *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001; ns, not significant.