Table 2.
Pulse oximetry performance time and proportion of acceptable readings obtained within 1 min by site and by infant characteristics among young infants undergoing routine pulse oximetry at primary care clinics in Karachi, Pakistan
| Performance time (seconds), median (IQR) | Acceptable Sp02 value obtained in ≤ 1 min, % (n) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Site 1 | Site 2 | p | Site 1 | Site 2 | p | |
| Number of visits | 481 | 381 | - | 481 | 381 | - |
| Overall | 44(39;50) | 40(35;46) | <0.0001 | 94.4(454) | 94.5(360) | 0.9485 |
| Age (days)a | ||||||
| 0 – 29 | 43(39;50) | 40(34;45) | <0.0001 | 95.5(317) | 98.1(209) | 0.1011 |
| 30 – 59 | 45(40;51) | 39.5(35;49.5) | <0.0001 | 91.5(137) | 89.9(151) | 0.5244 |
| p | 0.0771 | 0.2127 | 0.1193 | 0.0005 | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 44(39;50) | 38(35;46) | <0.0001 | 95.3(244) | 95.4(188) | 0.9524 |
| Female | 44(40;50) | 40(35;45) | <0.0001 | 93.3(210) | 93.5(172) | 0.9532 |
| p | 0.7880 | 0.6813 | 0.3467 | 0.4038 | ||
| Weight (g)b | ||||||
| 980 - 3319 | 43(39;50) | 40(35;45) | <0.0001 | 94.2(242) | 96.5(166) | 0.2693 |
| 3320 – 5900 | 45(39.5;50) | 39(35;49) | <0.0001 | 94.6(212) | 92.8(194) | 0.4339 |
| p | 0.5961 | 0.5959 | 0.8197 | 0.1164 | ||
| Reason for visitc | ||||||
| Well baby | 43(39;49) | 40(35;44) | 0.0225 | 95.0(94) | 95.8(23) | 0.8569 |
| Visit foriIllness | 44(39;50) | 39(35;46) | <0.0001 | 94.2(360) | 94.4(336) | 0.9341 |
| p | 0.2563 | 0.8513 | 0.7849 | 0.7633 | ||
| At least one IMCI criteriond | ||||||
| No | 44(39;50) | 39(34;45) | <0.0001 | 94.0(331) | 95.2(260) | 0.5104 |
| Yes | 45(39;50) | 40(35;47.5) | 0.0022 | 95.4(123) | 92.6(100) | 0.3701 |
| p | 0.8151 | 0.1584 | 0.5789 | 0.3078 | ||
| Time since start of study periode | ||||||
| First period | 45(40;50) | 40(36;45) | p < 0.0001 | 97.1(233) | 94.6(176) | 0.1983 |
| Second period | 43(39;51) | 38(33;46) | p < 0.0001 | 91.7(221) | 94.4(184) | 0.2830 |
| p | 0.4007 | 0.0190 | 0.0103 | 0.9099 | ||
aAge in days categorized based on median. Correlation between performance time and age was also analyzed as a continuous variable: Site 1- Spearman’s Rho = 0.0927, p = 0.0422; Site 2- Spearman’s Rho = 0.0556, p = 0.2791
bWeight in grams categorized based on median. Correlation between performance time and weight was also analyzed as a continuous variable: Site 1- Spearman’s Rho = 0.0625, p = 0.1710; Site 2- Spearman’s Rho = 0.0297, p = 0.5627
c n = 861. One reason for visit was listed as “other”, and was excluded from these analyses
dIntegrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) criteria assessed by the study worker: Temperature < 35.5 °C, temperature > 37.5 °C, respiratory rate ≥ 60, severe lower chest wall in-drawing, no movement or movement only on stimulation, observed convulsions, history of convulsions, history of poor feeding
eDate of visit was used to categorize visits into study periods. First period included the first half of measurements for each site, while second period included the second half of measurements for each site. Correlation between performance time and time since start of the study was also analyzed as a continuous variable: Site 1- Spearman’s Rho = −0.0396, p = 0.3865; Site 2- Spearman’s Rho = −0.1809, p = 0.0004