Figure 3.

vitellogenin receptor is expressed in heads and isolated brain tissue of adult female and adult male N. vespilloides. (a) vgr expression in females shows a significant change in expression levels across the five behavioural states examined, with levels decreasing when mated on a carcass and while caring. (b) With one outlier removed, a similar pattern of changing expression levels of vgr is seen in males across different social conditions. Bars represent mean relative quantity and error bars represent±1 s.e.m. Bars with different letters are statistically significantly different in pairwise comparisons. Expression was measured from whole heads using 10 individuals per behavioural state.