Table 1.

POF candidate genes and their functions in relation to POF pathogenesis

Gene	Chromosomal location	Gene function	References
FMR1	Xq27.3	Oocyte development and maturation	Allingham-Hawkins et al19 Allen et al20
NR5A1	9q33.3	Ovarian steroidogenesis	Lourenco et al27
NOBOX	7q25	Early folliculogenesis	Qin et al26
FIGLA	2p12	Regulation of zona pellucida genes	Zhao et al35
FOXL2	3q23	Granulosa cell differentiation and follicle development	Crisponi et al36 Harris et al25 Woad et al6
SOHLH 1/2	13q13.3	Early folliculogenesis	Qin et al14 Zhao et al39
BMP-15	Zq11.2	Follicular maturation	Chand et al43 Di Pasquale et al44 Dixit et al45 Laissue et al46
GDF-9	5q23.2	Follicular maturation	Dixit et al99 Chand et al43 Laissue et al46 Zhao et al100 Wang et al51
INHA	2q33-36	Folliculogenesis regulation through FSH inhibition	Shelling et al13 Marozzi et al55 Dixit et al54
FSHR	2p21	Follicular growth and development, ovarian steroidogenesis	Aittomäki et al62 Layman et al64 Da Fonte Kohek et al63 Woad et al66
LHR	2p21	Follicle maturation, ovarian steroidogenesis and ovulation	Latronico et al67 Persani et al28
ESR1	6q25.1	Follicle growth and maturation	Bretherick et al72 M’Rabet et al70 de Mattos et al69

Abbreviations: FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; POF, premature ovarian failure.