Table 1.
Clinical manifestations of dengue cases at presentation to hospital
| Overall Cases (N = 667) n (%) | DF (N = 588) n (%) | DHF (N = 79) n (%) | P–value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commonly occurred (among >40 % population) | ||||
| Fever | 647 (97) | 573 (94.7) | 74 (93.7) | 0.076* |
| Myalgia | 483 (72.4) | 419 (71.3) | 64 (61) | 0.069* |
| Arthralgia | 389 (58.3) | 336 (57.1) | 53 (67) | 0.092 |
| Headache | 385 (57.7) | 344 (58.5) | 41 (51.9) | 0.265 |
| Vomiting | 368 (55.2) | 318 (54.1) | 50 (63.3) | 0.122 |
| Abdominal pain | 299 (44.8) | 264 (44.9) | 35 (44.3) | 0.921 |
| Skin rash | 294 (44.1) | 249 (41.8) | 45 (56.9) | 0.014 |
| Less Common (among 11 – 39 % population) | ||||
| Diarrhea | 225 (33.7) | 194 (33) | 31 (39.2) | 0.270 |
| Chills | 224 (33.6) | 199 (33.8) | 25 (31.6) | 0.698 |
| Nausea | 208 (31.2) | 182 (31) | 26 (32.9) | 0.724 |
| Anorexia | 186 (27.9) | 157 (26.7) | 21 (26.6) | 0.982 |
| Lethargy | 186 (27.9) | 142 (24.1) | 31 (39.2) | 0.032 |
| Retro-orbital pain | 178 (26.7) | 155 (26.4) | 23 (29.1) | 0.603 |
| Rigors | 172 (25.8) | 144 (24.5) | 28 (35.4) | 0.037 |
| Flushing | 135 (20.2) | 119 (20.2) | 16 (20.3) | 0.998 |
| Cough | 118 (17.7) | 103 (17.5) | 15 (19) | 0.748 |
| Restlessness | 116 (17.4) | 105 (17.9) | 11 (13.,9) | 0.387 |
| Dizziness | 110 (16.5) | 99 (16.8) | 11 (13.9) | 0.512 |
| Jaundice | 87 (13) | 74 (12.6) | 13 (16.5) | 0.337 |
| Dehydration | 78 (11.7) | 58 (9.9) | 20 (25.3) | 0.007 |
| Shortness of breath | 73 (10.9) | 59 (10) | 14 (17.7) | 0.040 |
| Sore throat | 76 (11.4) | 64 (10.9) | 12 (15.2) | 0.258 |
| Rare (among < 11 % population) | ||||
| Malaise | 52 (7.8) | 45 (7.7) | 7 (8.9) | 0.707 |
| Dysuria | 29 (4.3) | 22 (3.7) | 7 (8.9) | 0.069* |
| Hepatomegaly | 39 (4.3) | 25 (4.3) | 4 (5.1) | 0.740 |
| Confusion | 33 (4.9) | 27 (4.6) | 6 (7.6) | 0.264* |
| Conjunctivitis | 24 (3.6) | 21 (3.6) | 3 (3.8) | 0.756 |
| Chest pain | 24 (3.6) | 22 (3.7) | 2 (2.5) | >0.90* |
| Pleural effusion | 23 (3.4) | 15 (2.6) | 8 (10.1) | 0.003* |
| Ascites | 15 (2.3) | 15 (2.6) | 4 (5.1) | 0.266 |
| Palpitation | 14 (2.1) | 14 (2.4) | - | - |
| Edema | 14 (2.1) | 12 (2) | 2 (2.5) | 0.677 |
| Tachypnea | 12 (1.8) | 11 (1.9) | 1 (1.3) | >0.90 |
| Splenomegaly | 9 (1.3) | 6 (1) | 3 (3.8) | 0.079 |
| Thick gall bladder | 9 (1.3) | 5 (0.9) | 4 (5.1) | 0.014 |
| Anasarca | 8 (1.2) | 6 (1) | 2 (2.5) | 0.243 |
| Asthenia | 8(1.2) | 7 (1.2) | 1 (1.3) | >0.90 |
| Convulsion | 8 (1.2) | 8 (1.4) | 0 | - |
| Tachycardia | (0.6) 4 | 3 (0.5) | 1 (1.3) | >0.90 |
| Hemorrhagic Manifestations | ||||
| Petechia | 80 (12) | 68 (11.6) | 12 (15.2) | 0.352 |
| Gingival bleeding | 67 (10) | 48 (8.2) | 19 (24.1) | < .001 |
| Purpura/Ecchymosis | 53 (7.9) | 46 (7.8) | 7 (8.9) | 0.749 |
| Epistaxis | 35 (5.2) | 19 (3.2) | 16 (20.3) | < .001* |
| Vaginal bleeding | 24 (3.6) | 21 (3.6) | 3 (3.8) | 0.756 |
| Hematuria | 18 (2.7) | 17 (2.9) | 1 (1.3) | 0.711 |
| Hematemesis | 11 (1.6) | 7 (1.2) | 4 (5.1) | < .001 |
| Malena | 4 (0.6) | 0 | 4 (5.1) | - |
| Blood in stool | 4 (0.6) | 3 (0.5) | 1 (1.3) | 0.397 |
| Hemoptysis | 2 (0.3) | 2 (0.3) | 0 | - |
*Fisher’s exact test (if more than 20 % of cells with expected counts of less than 5) while all the other P values were calculated by Pearson Chi-Square