Table 3.
Mean (SD) results from each cognitive function test utilized in the studies included.
| Study | DM type | DSST (number of correct pairings in 50 seconds) | Trail Making Test (seconds) | Similarities subtest of WAIS (age-adjusted score 0–19) | Visual reaction time (milliseconds) | Auditory reaction time (milliseconds) | RAVLT (number of freely recalled words) | Stroop test (number of correct items in 45 seconds) | Finger tap for dominant hand (taps in 10 seconds) | Finger tap for nondominant hand (taps in 10 seconds) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | C | I | C | I | C | I | C | I | C | I | C | I | C | I | C | I | C | ||
| Reichard et al. [13]∗ | 1 | — | — | 39.9 | 45.6 | — | — | 241 | 241 | 209 | 207 | — | — | — | — | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.1 |
|
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| DCCT [14] | 1 | 64.7 (11.3) | 64.8 (11.2) | 52.9 (16.7) | 53.5 (19.6) | 12.5 (2.4) | 12.6 (2.3) | — | — | — | — | 15.4 (1.7) | 15.3 (1.9) | — | — | 4.9 (0.7) | 4.9 (0.7) | 4.4 (0.6) | 4.5 (0.6) |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| EDIC [15] | 1 | 62.3 (11.4) | 61.9 (11.4) | 54.4 (20) | 55 (18.8) | 14 (2.2) | 13.9 (2.3) | — | — | — | — | 14.7 (2.2) | 15 (2) | — | — | 5.1 (0.7) | 5.1 (0.8) | 4.5 (0.7) | 4.5 (0.7) |
|
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| Musen et al. [16] | 1 | 67.8 (10.5) | 66.3 (9.1) | 45.6 (12.8) | 48.9 (15.1) | 13.8 (2.2) | 13.1 (2.4) | — | — | — | — | 15.5 (1.4) | 15.3 (1.7) | — | — | 5.2 (0.7) | 5.1 (0.7) | 4.7 (0.6) | 4.5 (0.7) |
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| Naor et al. [17] | 2 | — | — | 93.8 (17.1) | 140 (35.6) | — | — | 284.7 (22.8) | 309.1 (54.7) | 211.4 (42.8) | 218.1 (38.1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
|
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| Launer et al. [18] | 2 | 50.93 (0.43) | 50.61 (0.42) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7.98 (0.1) | 7.99 (0.09) | 31.45 (0.36) | 32.06 (0.36) | — | — | — | — |
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| Koekkoek et al. [19] | 2 | 55.6 (17.4) | 57 (15.5) | 93.5 (39.4) | 96.5 (50.2) | — | — | 8.3 (3.5) | 8.1 (3) | — | — | 8.3 (3.5) | 8.1 (3) | 50.2 (8.4) | 50.1 (11.6) | — | — | — | — |
∗Standard deviation (SD) not reported.
I: intensive glucose control group.
C: conventional therapy group.
“—” denotes that such test was not carried out in the corresponding study.