Table 1.

Criteria for assessment of reviewed studies’ methodological quality characteristics and frequency distributions for each characteristic.

Methodological Quality Characteristic	Scoring Options (Maximum total score = 21 points)	Distribution of characteristics among (28) reviewed studies
		Frequency (n)	Percent (%)
		Conceptual
Does a theoretical framework drive the study?	Explicit use of theory = 2 points Implicit use of theory = 1 point Not reported = 0 points	17 1 10	60.7 3.6 35.7
Research Design
What is the research paradigm?	Experimental = 3 points   [e.g., RCT] Quasi-experimental = 2 points   [e.g., observational, comparison pre-test/post-test] Non-experimental = 1 point   [e.g., exploratory and/or qualitative]	4 4 20	14.3 14.3 71.4
What is the study’s design?	Longitudinal = 2 points Cross-sectional = 1 point	5 23	17.9 82.1
Does the study exclusively focus on African American men?	Yes = 1 point No = 0 points	0 28	0 100
Sampling
What is the sample design?	Random/Nationally Representative = 3 points Random/Not Nationally Representative = 2 points Convenience/Nonprobability = 1 point	1 9 18	3.6 32.1 64.3
What is the sample size?	Large (n >300) = 2 points Medium (100 ≥ n ≥ 300) = 1 points Small (n < 100) = 0 points	3 10 3	10.7 35.7 10.7
Data Analyses
What were the most advanced statistical techniques utilized?	Multivariate statistics = 4 points   (e.g., Structural Equation Modeling) Multiple/Logistic Regression = 3 points ANOVA/Bivariate statistics = 2 points Descriptive/Univariate statistics = 1 point Qualitative analyses = 0 points   (e.g., Grounded Theory, Content Analysis)	9 8 4 5 2	32.1 28.6 14.3 17.9 7.1
Was any validity reported?	Yes = 1 point No = 0 points	8 20	28.6 71.4
Was any reliability reported?	Yes = 1 point No = 0 points	8 20	28.6 71.4
Were appropriate conclusions inferred?	Yes = 1 point No = 0 points	28 0	100 0