TABLE 2.
N offspring | Risk ratio (95% CI)
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1: adjusted for demographic variables | Model 2: Model 1, further adjusted for maternal mental health indicators | Model 3: Model 2, further adjusted for adolescent SES and family structure | Model 4: Model 3, further adjusted for offspring’s experience of abuseb | ||
Maternal experience of childhood abuse | |||||
0: no abuse | 2,981 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) |
1 | 2,618 | 1.20 (1.06, 1.36)c | 1.16 (1.02, 1.31)b | 1.16 (1.03, 1.32)b | 1.14 (0.99, 1.31) |
2 | 2,204 | 1.29 (1.13, 1.47)d | 1.20 (1.05, 1.37)c | 1.20 (1.05, 1.36)c | 1.13 (0.98, 1.30) |
3 | 2,179 | 1.56 (1.38, 1.77)d | 1.41 (1.25, 1.60)d | 1.40 (1.24, 1.59)d | 1.30 (1.13, 1.50)d |
4 | 903 | 1.52 (1.30, 1.79)d | 1.37 (1.16, 1.60)d | 1.36 (1.16, 1.60)d | 1.25 (1.04, 1.50)b |
5: severe abuse | 517 | 1.78 (1.47, 2.16)d | 1.53 (1.26, 1.87)d | 1.51 (1.24, 1.85)d | 1.30 (1.04, 1.63)b |
Models 1, 2, and 3 include the same participants; the stated N mothers, N offspring, and N observations applies. Model 4 is restricted to offspring with childhood abuse data; results for Model 1 in this subsample were similar to those in the whole sample (RR range = 1.22, 1.83, RR severe abuse = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.47, 2.29). All models adjusted for offspring’s age, sex, and race/ethnicity, and maternal childhood socioeconomic status. Risk ratios estimated using generalized estimating equations with log link and Poisson distributions, calculated using SAS PROC GENMOD.
P < .05.
P < .01.
P < .001