Table 1.
List of the classes, genera, and species with PKSs belonging to group V, their accession numbers, their subgroup, characterized products, and predicted products. These predictions are based on the presence or absence of homologs of the requisite genes to produce these compounds as determined by previous studies of group V SM gene clusters. These requisite genes are discussed in the sections corresponding to either the relevant group (e.g., V1, V2, and V3) or compound (e.g., alternariol or viridicatumtoxin).
| Class | Genus | Species | PKS | Sub-group | Characterized product | Predicted product | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dothidiomycete | Alternaria | alternata | AFN68300 | V3 | Alternariol | Characterized | [61] |
| Aureobasidium | melanogenum | KEQ66138 | V1 | None | Emodin anthrone | This study | |
| Bipolaris | maydis | EMD89515 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |
| ENH99769 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| ENI07798 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |||
| AAR90273 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| AAR90274 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| oryzae | EUC41199 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | ||
| EUC45162 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |||
| sorokiniana | EMD62925 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | ||
| EMD66882 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |||
| victoriae | EUN25734 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | ||
| zeicola | EUC29913 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | ||
| Macrophomina | phaseolina | EKG11397 | V1 | None | No product | This study | |
| EKG18431 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| Phaeosphaeria | nodorum | EAT76667 | V3 | Alternariol | Characterized | [62] | |
| Pseudocercospora | fijiensis | EME79056 | V1 | None | Emodin | This study | |
| Pseudogymnoascus | destructans | ELR08155 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |
| pannorum | KFY01830 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | ||
| KFY04191 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY04767 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY14212 | V1 | None | Emodin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY24933 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY28347 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY28376 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY41668 | V1 | None | Emodin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY50141 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | |||
| KFY61750 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY73941 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY81274 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY90954 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |||
| KFY97098 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFZ02364 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFZ03027 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |||
| KFZ03785 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KFZ09857 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| Pyrenophora | teres | EFQ95560 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |
| tritici | EDU45231 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | ||
| Setosphaeria | turcica | EOA88807 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |
| Sphaerulina | musiva | EMF17386 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |
| Verruconis | gallopava | KIW05310 | V1 | None | No product | This study | |
| Eurotiomycete | Arthroderma | benhamiae | EFE32713 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study |
| otae | EEQ30779 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | ||
| EEQ31623 | V3 | None | Alternariol | This study | |||
| Aspergillus | acidus | Aspfo1_0068040 | V2 | None | TAN-1612 | This study | |
| Aspfo1_0069798 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| aculeatus | Aacu16872_063282 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| Aacu16872_063333 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| brasiliensis | Aspbr1_0070836 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| Aspbr1_0071307 | V2 | None | TAN-1612 | This study | |||
| clavatus | EAW13612 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| flavus | EED53479 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| KJJ30826 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| fumigatus | EAL84397 | V1 | Endocrocin | Characterized | [47] | ||
| EAL84875 | V2 | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | Characterized | [49,63] | |||
| EAL89339 | V1 | Trypacidin | Characterized | [53] | |||
| EDP47078 | V1 | Endocrocin | Characterized | [47] | |||
| EDP47964 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | |||
| EDP50840 | V1 | None | Trypacidin | This study | |||
| KEY78897 | V1 | None | Endocrocin | This study | |||
| KEY82310 | V1 | None | Other anthraquinone | This study | |||
| KEY82351 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | |||
| glaucus | Aspgl1_0045725 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| kawachii | GAA85937 | V2 | None | TAN-1612 | This study | ||
| GAA88581 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| nidulans | CBF70387 | V2 | Asperthecin | Characterized | [46] | ||
| CBF79143 | V3 | Alternariol | Characterized | [54] | |||
| CBF90097 | V1 | Monodictyphenone | Characterized | [51] | |||
| niger | EHA20150 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| XP_001402309 | V1 | None | No product | This study | |||
| AEN83889 | V2 | TAN-1612 | Characterized | [64] | |||
| CAK40778 | V2 | None | TAN-1612 | This study | |||
| CAK47960 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| ochraceoroseus | KKK15179 | V1 | None | Emodin | This study | ||
| KKK17199 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| oryzae | BAE58990 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| BAE62229 | V3 | None | Alternariol | This study | |||
| KDE80734 | V3 | None | Alternariol | This study | |||
| KDE81226 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| XP_001820992 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| parasiticus | KJK64046 | V3 | None | No data | This study | ||
| rambellii | KKK15908 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| KKK27047 | V1 | None | Other anthraquinone | This study | |||
| ruber | EYE98259 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | ||
| sydowii | Aspsy1_0090693 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| Aspsy1_0144848 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| Aspsy1_0151845 | V2 | None | Asperthecin | This study | |||
| Aspsy1_0157033 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | |||
| Aspsy1_1049255 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| terreus | EAU31624 | V1 | Geodin | Characterized | [65,66] | ||
| EAU37396 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| BAB88752 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| tubingensis | Asptu1_0059858 | V2 | None | No data | This study | ||
| Asptu1_0123892 | V2 | None | TAN-1612 | This study | |||
| ustus | KIA75323 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | ||
| KIA75530 | V2 | None | Asperthecin | This study | |||
| KIA75835 | V2 | None | Viridicatumtoxin-like naphthacenedione | This study | |||
| versicolor | Aspve1_0089706 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | ||
| Aspve1_0122449 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| Aspve1_0886277 | V2 | None | Asperthecin | This study | |||
| wentii | Aspwe1_0034272 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| zonatus | Aspzo1_2112764 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| Capronia | epimyces | EXJ89638 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |
| Cladophialophora | carrionii | ETI19899 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |
| yegresii | EXJ61970 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | ||
| Endocarpon | pusillum | ERF75912 | V1 | None | No product | This study | |
| Microsporum | gypseum | EFR03594 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | |
| Neosartorya | fischeri | EAW20700 | V2 | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | Characterized | [49,63] | |
| EAW24682 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |||
| EAW24697 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | |||
| EAW25724 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| Penicillium | aethiopicum | ADI24926 | V2 | Viridicatumtoxin | Characterized | [48] | |
| ADI24953 | V3 | Griseofulvin | Characterized | [48] | |||
| expansum | KGO43750 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | ||
| KGO65172 | V1 | None | Emodin | This study | |||
| oxalicum | EPS34273 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | ||
| Talaromyces | cellulolyticu | GAM33809 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |
| GAM37897 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | |||
| GAM40075 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| GAM42425 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| GAM43179 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| islandicus | CRG83532 | V1 | None | No data | This study | ||
| CRG86674 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| CRG92129 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| marneffei | KFX46552 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | ||
| KFX52365 | V1 | None | Other anthrone | This study | |||
| ADH01670 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| ADH01674 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |||
| stipitatus | EED18910 | V1 | None | Emodin anthrone | This study | ||
| EED18976 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |||
| Trichophyton | equinum | EGE06343 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | |
| interdigitale | KDB28089 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | ||
| rubrum | EZG11077 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | ||
| KDB38561 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | |||
| soudanense | EZF78756 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | ||
| tonsurans | EGD99348 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | ||
| verrucosum | EFE44835 | V2 | None | Neosartoricin, fumicycline | This study | ||
| Lecanoromycete | Usnea | longissima | AGI60157 | V1 | None | No data | This study |
| Leotiomycete | Blumeria | graminis | CCU75801 | V3 | None | No data | This study |
| EPQ66189 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| Botrytis | cinerea | AAR90250 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |
| EMR83380 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| XP_001553397 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| Oidiodendron | maius | KIM92894 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | |
| KIM93459 | V2 | None | No data | This study | |||
| KIM96903 | V2 | None | No data | This study | |||
| KIM99919 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| Sclerotinia | borealis | ESZ98980 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |
| Sordariomycete | Claviceps | purpurea | CCE31584 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study |
| Colletotrichum | graminicola | EFQ33703 | V3 | None | Alternariol | This study | |
| sublineola | KDN60962 | V3 | None | No data | This study | ||
| KDN62802 | V3 | None | No product | This study | |||
| Diaporthe | ampelina | KKY32371 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |
| KKY34489 | V1 | None | Endocrocin anthrone | This study | |||
| KKY37364 | V1 | None | No product | This study | |||
| Eutypa | lata | EMR67234 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |
| Gaeumannomyces | graminis | EJT69423 | V3 | None | Alternariol | This study | |
| Grosmannia | clavigera | EFX02748 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |
| EFX04268 | V3 | None | No product | This study | |||
| Metarhizium | acridum | EFY89907 | V2 | None | Viridicatumtoxin-like naphthacenedione | This study | |
| album | KHN97625 | V2 | None | Viridicatumtoxin-like naphthacenedione | This study | ||
| anisopliae | KID64953 | V2 | None | Viridicatumtoxin-like naphthacenedione | This study | ||
| KID65337 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | |||
| KJK89454 | V2 | None | Viridicatumtoxin-like naphthacenedione | This study | |||
| KJK95825 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | |||
| brunneum | KID65403 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | ||
| KID75074 | V2 | None | Viridicatumtoxin-like naphthacenedione | This study | |||
| guizhouense | KID84413 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | ||
| KID87428 | V2 | None | Viridicatumtoxin-like naphthacenedione | This study | |||
| majus | KID93731 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | ||
| KID97686 | V2 | None | Viridicatumtoxin-like naphthacenedione | This study | |||
| robertsii | EXU97310 | V2 | None | Viridicatumtoxin-like naphthacenedione | This study | ||
| EXV00352 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | |||
| Myceliophthora | thermophila | AEO58356 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |
| Pestalotiopsis | fici | AGO59040 | V1 | Pestheic acid | Characterized | [52] | |
| ETS76950 | V1 | Pestheic acid | Characterized | This study | |||
| Phaeomoniella | chlamydospora | KKY14863 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |
| Stachybotrys | chartarum | KEY72288 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |
| KFA45466 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| KFA54249 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |||
| KFA70942 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| KFA71118 | V1 | None | Benzophenone | This study | |||
| Thielavia | terrestris | AEO66245 | V1 | None | Grisandiene | This study | |
| Trichoderma | atroviride | EHK46042 | V1 | None | No data | This study | |
| harzianum | KKO99957 | V1 | None | Other anthraquinone | This study | ||
| KKP03797 | V3 | None | No data | This study | |||
| reesei | ETR97748 | V3 | None | Alternariol | This study | ||
| virens | EHK20655 | V3 | None | Alternariol | This study |