Table 6.

Bivariate and multivariate analysis determinants of non-adherence to antihypertensive medication

Variables	Bivariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	Crude OR (95 % CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95 % CI)	P value
Age		0.782	–	–
Gender	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	0.412	–	–
Education
No formal	1.0 (0.5–2.3)	0.921	–	–
Primary	1.9 (0.9–4.2)	0.078	–	–
Secondary	1.5 (0.7–3.3)	0.272	–	–
Tertiary
Occupation
Unemployed/retired	0.9 (0.6–1.4)	0.832	–	–
Employed
Duration of hypertension, year
Unknown	0.6 (0.3–1.5)	0.317	–	–
≥5	1.3 (0.8–1.9)	0.284	–	–
<5
Duration of antihypertensive treatment, year
Unknown	0.9 (0.4–1.9)	0.897	–	–
≥5	1.2 (0.8–1.9)	0.342	–	–
<5
Control of blood pressure n = 390
Uncontrolled	1.8 (1.1–3.2)	0.032*	2.0 (1.1–3.7)	0.018*
Experience of medication side effects	1.9 (1.3–2.9)	0.001*	2.2 (1.4–3.3)	0.001*
Experience of physical symptoms due to hypertension	1.4 (0.9–2.1)	0.122	–	–
Presence of Co-morbidity	1.2 (0.8–1.7)	0.465	–	–
Taking of non-prescribed medications	1.7 (1.1–2.8)	0.042*	2.2 (1.2–3.8)	0.006*
Poor knowledge of risk factors related to HTN	0.7 (0.5–1.1)	0.140	–	–
Poor knowledge of HTN related complications	2.5 (1.4–4.3)	0.001*	2.4 (1.4–4.4)	0.003*
Poor knowledge of treatment benefit	1.5 (0.7–3.1)	0.324	–	–
Beliefs that BP medications are helpful in controlling BP	1.3 (0.7–2.3)	0.421	–	–
Accept hypertensive status	1.2 (0.7–2.0)	0.589	–	–
Perception of HTN gravity	1.1 (0.6–1.8)	0.838	–	–
Perception of HTN related complications gravity	1.2 (0.7–2.0)	0.526	–	–
Perception of patient-provider relationships	2.0 (0.8–4.9)	0.128	–	–
Lack of patient education performed in the healthcare facility	1.9 (1.3–2.9)	0.003*	1.7 (1.1–2.7)	0.023*
Perception of treatment cost	0.9 (0.6–1.6)	0.948	–	–
Healthcare facility accessible geographically	0.9 (0.6–1.5)	0.771	–	–
Unavailability of antihypertensive medications in the healthcare facilities	2.6 (1.3–5.2)	0.003*	2.8 (1.4–5.5)	0.003*

* p value <0.05