FIGURE 9.

Elevated c-diGMP levels induce formation of long chain of cells in C. difficile 630. A, phase contrast (left and center panels) and fluorescence (right panel) microscopy images C. difficile wild-type (WT) strain carrying an empty plasmid (vector) or pECC12 (constitutively expresses DccA). For the fluorescence microscopy, membranes were stained with MitoTracker Green. White triangles indicate positions of septa. Scale bars, 20 μm. B, phase contrast microscopy views of C. difficile wild-type (WT) strain carrying pECC17 (expresses DccA in the presence of ATc). Expression of DccA from pECC17 was induced with the indicated concentrations of ATc. Black bars, 20 μm.