Table 3.
Multivariable logistic regression models explaining recent use of powder cocaine, crack, heroin and LSD.
| Powder Cocaine | Crack | Heroin | LSD | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Covariates | AOR | (99% CI) | AOR | (99% CI) | AOR | (99% CI) | AOR | (99% CI) |
| Reasons for Marijuana Use | ||||||||
| Social/Recreational | ||||||||
| To Experiment | 0.73+ | (0.54, 0.98) | 0.65 | (0.41, 1.03) | 0.63 | (0.33, 1.22) | 0.80 | (0.58, 1.11) |
| To Feel Good or get High | 1.08 | (0.70, 1.68) | 1.41 | (0.71, 2.81) | 0.92 | (0.34, 2.51) | 1.16 | (0.67, 2.00) |
| For a Good Time with Friends | 0.68+ | (0.47, 0.99) | 0.89 | (0.50, 1.61) | 0.82 | (0.37, 1.80) | 0.93 | (0.60, 1.45) |
| To Fit in with A Group I Like | 0.87 | (0.45, 1.66) | 1.42 | (0.71, 2.84) | 1.33 | (0.49, 3.63) | 0.65 | (0.30, 1.39) |
| Because of Boredom | 1.43* | (1.04, 1.96) | 1.24 | (0.77, 2.01) | 1.27 | (0.62, 2.60) | 1.38 | (0.96, 1.98) |
| Coping with Negative Affect | ||||||||
| To Relax or Relieve Tension | 0.98 | (0.67, 1.43) | 0.71 | (0.40, 1.29) | 1.07 | (0.45, 2.58) | 0.76 | (0.50, 1.16) |
| Because of Anger or Frustration | 0.92 | (0.62, 1.38) | 1.08 | (0.55, 2.14) | 1.62 | (0.84, 3.16) | 1.36 | (0.89, 2.08) |
| To Get Away from Problems | 0.80 | (0.55, 1.16) | 0.75 | (0.42, 1.36) | 1.39 | (0.70, 2.76) | 0.82 | (0.54, 1.24) |
| Compulsive Use | ||||||||
| To Get Through the Day | 1.35 | (0.88, 2.07) | 1.66 | (0.92, 3.00) | 1.05 | (0.48, 2.30) | 0.88 | (0.55, 1.41) |
| Because “Hooked”/ Must Have It | 0.97 | (0.56, 1.69) | 1.27 | (0.64, 2.54) | 1.23 | (0.52, 2.94) | 1.39 | (0.78, 2.47) |
| Drug Effect | ||||||||
| To Increase Effect of Other Drug | 2.37*** | (1.67, 3.37) | 2.07** | (1.21, 3.53) | 2.26* | (1.11, 4.60) | 3.38*** | (2.28, 5.00) |
| To Decrease Effect of Other Drug | 1.80 | (0.99, 3.26) | 1.70** | (1.30, 5.64) | 1.89 | (0.77, 4.63) | 1.58 | (0.76, 3.28) |
| Miscellaneous | ||||||||
| For Insight and Understanding | 0.84 | (0.59, 1.21) | 0.64 | (0.37, 1.09) | 0.64 | (0.33, 1.28) | 1.15 | (0.79, 1.67) |
| Frequency of 12 Month Alcohol Use | ||||||||
| 3–9 Times | 2.45* | (1.13, 5.34) | 2.29 | (0.66, 7.96) | 2.76 | (0.33, 22.85) | 1.41 | (0.64, 3.10) |
| 10–39 Times | 3.64*** | (1.73, 7.67) | 3.65* | (1.12, 11.90) | 7.56 | (0.95, 60.26) | 1.73 | (0.80, 3.74) |
| 40+ Times | 5.64*** | (2.63, 12.08) | 6.25** | (1.87, 20.84) | 11.57* | (1.45, 92.32) | 2.35* | (1.08, 5.14) |
| Frequency of Lifetime Cigarette Use | ||||||||
| 1–2 Times | 1.40 | (0.72, 2.70) | 1.82 | (0.61, 5.49) | 1.67 | (0.54, 5.18) | 1.31 | (0.67, 2.57) |
| Smoke Occasionally | 2.59*** | (1.41, 4.75) | 2.44 | (0.83, 7.12) | 1.06 | (0.31, 3.54) | 1.43 | (0.75, 2.72) |
| Smoke Regularly | 4.48*** | (2.46, 8.15) | 3.38* | (1.21, 9.41) | 1.76 | (0.58, 5.39) | 2.24* | (1.19, 4.24) |
| Frequency of 12 Month Marijuana Use | ||||||||
| 3–5 Times | 1.34 | (0.64, 2.79) | 2.82 | (0.74, 10.68) | 0.71 | (0.16, 3.18) | 2.10 | (0.88, 5.04) |
| 6–9 Times | 1.88 | (0.90, 3.95) | 2.16 | (0.50, 9.36) | 0.42 | (0.08, 2.25) | 2.26 | (0.86, 5.93) |
| 10–19 Times | 3.02*** | (1.49, 6.11) | 3.02 | (0.78, 11.64) | 2.00 | (0.51, 7.86) | 3.43** | (1.40, 8.37) |
| 20–39 Times | 3.13*** | (1.50, 6.53) | 3.19 | (0.80, 12.71) | 0.36 | (0.06, 2.19) | 3.24** | (1.23, 8.52) |
| 40+ Times | 6.33*** | (3.27, 12.24) | 7.10*** | (2.06, 24.44) | 1.93 | (0.50, 7.47) | 7.20*** | (3.12, 16.62) |
|
| ||||||||
| Mean (SD) number of reasons | 5.17 | (2.75) | 5.42 | (3.09) | 5.77 | (2.94) | 5.52 | (2.95) |
| Correct Classification Rate | 91% | 97% | 98% | 92% | ||||
| Nagelkerke R2 | 31% | 26% | 21% | 29% | ||||
Note. All models are adjusted by cohort, age, sex, race/ethnicity, parent education, and MSA, and included missing data indicators. AOR = adjusted odds ratio. Comparison groups for alcohol, cigarette and marijuana use were 0–2 times using alcohol, 0 times smoking cigarettes, and 1–2 times using marijuana, respectively.
+
p < .009,
*
p < .006,
**
p < .001,
***
p < .0001